Explanation of the Book: The Beginning of Revelation, Faith, and Knowledge-09a

The reciter: Muhammad ibn Yusuf narrated to me, saying: Abu Mughirah narrated to us, saying: Muhammad ibn Harb narrated to me, saying: Al-Zubaydi narrated to me from Al-Zuhri from Mahmud ibn al-Rabi', who said:
I have a blank space here, Shaykh.

The Shaykh :
The reader: .

The Shaykh : He said: "Chapter: When is the hearing of a child valid?" This means: Is the hearing of a child restricted by a specific age or by a specific condition? Some said it is restricted by age, which is seven years, while others said it is restricted by condition, and this is the correct view. A person may distinguish right from wrong before the age of seven, and may not distinguish right from wrong even if he reaches seven. Therefore, the correct view is that it depends on the person's condition. However, the norm is that the average age is seven years, and that one who reaches seven has distinguished right from wrong. The author of *Al-Insaf* said: "It was said that the one who distinguishes is the one who understands the address and returns the answer. I said: And the derivation indicates this." What is the derivation? The student: Distinction.The Shaykh : Distinction, and this is the correct view. As for the first hadith: It contains evidence for several issues. First, the permissibility of riding a donkey, based on the action of Ibn Abbas and the approval of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of that. Second, that its sweat is pure. This is explained by two things: The first is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not warn people against it, nor did he say, "If the donkey sweats, beware of touching it." The second aspect is the hardship of guarding against it. If the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) explained that the purity of the cat is because it is one of those that go around you, then the donkey is even more in contact with you and the hardship of guarding against it is greater. Also, people ride them, meaning donkeys, in winter and summer. In winter, there are often rains that wet the clothes and wet the animal, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order people to guard against them. Therefore, the correct view is that its sweat is pure. Likewise, its leftover drink is pure, because it is one of those that go around you. It was also used as evidence that a donkey does not invalidate the prayer, based on his statement: "So I entered the row." "I entered" means the donkey entered the row. And his statement: "I passed in front of some of the row." However, there is no evidence for this, because the row of the followers and the imam's barrier serve as a barrier for those behind them. For this reason, if a woman, a donkey, or a black dog passes in front of some of the row, their prayer is not invalidated, because the imam's barrier is a barrier for them. It also contains evidence that when a person enters the prayer, he enters where the imam is. This is indicated by the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): From this, we know that what some people do when they arrive and the imam is prostrating, and they stand until the imam rises from prostration, sitting or standing, is an error. I mean, this is not a forbidden error, but it is a deprivation. We say: Enter the prayer and prostrate with him, even if it is the second prostration, because you will gain good. First: Complying with the command of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) Second: This prostration and the dhikr said in it, and the dhikr said when moving from it or to it, is good for you. And his statement: "Or to it," is based on the fact that if a person catches the imam in prostration, he says the takbir of intention, then says takbir for prostration. The well-known view in the school of thought is that he does not say takbir for prostration, but he lowers himself without takbir. This is because his movement now is not a movement to the pillar that follows standing. What follows standing? Bowing. For this reason, they said he lowers himself without takbir. And some scholars said he lowers himself with takbir, because it is a movement from standing to prostration.
It also contains an indication of the age of Abdullah ibn Abbas. If he was in the Farewell Pilgrimage and had approached puberty, meaning he was close to it, how old was he? About fifteen years old. So he was one of the young Companions. But this is difficult to reconcile with the fact that he narrates many hadiths from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), so he is one of those who narrated a lot. How can that be, when he is one of the young Companions? We say: Because of his knowledge and his eagerness. He would receive the hadiths from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when he received them, and he would receive many of them from the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). He would even be told a hadith by a man, and he would go to his house during the nap time, spread his cloak, and use it as a pillow until the man came out of his house to narrate to him. He would say to him: "O cousin of the Messenger of Allah, why did you not ask for permission?" He said: "I do not ask your permission, for the need is mine, and you are sleeping." And it was said to Ibn Abbas, who is the subject of our discussion now: "He was asked by what means he acquired knowledge. He said: With a tongue that asks, a mind that understands, and a body that is not blamed." Three things: With a tongue that asks: meaning I ask about everything I need to ask about. The second: A mind that understands. A person does not ask while his mind is wandering, but he understands it, repeats it, and reviews it. And the third:
A body, Isa
The student: That is not blamed

The Shaykh : Where did you go? I think you drifted off. No, no, stay with us. "And a body that is not blamed" meaning I am not lazy. And this is undoubtedly one of the causes of acquiring knowledge: that a person be eager for it, ask about what he does not know, understand and comprehend it, and persevere. Yes.