Commentary on Tafsir al-Jalalayn: ((And it is He who sends down the rain)) the rain ((after they had despaired)) they had lost hope of its coming ((and spreads His mercy)) He spreads

The Shaykh : He sends it down from where? From the sky. Al-Ghayth means that by which relief is obtained, and relief is rescue from hardship. That is, the people had despaired. The commentator said: "

the rain

الغيث

The rain

after they had despaired

من بعد ما قنطوا

[Ash-Shuraa 42:28]

means they had lost hope of its coming" because it was delayed beyond its time. They said: So there is no rain this year. Then Allah sends down the rain. Sending down rain when there is hope for it and despair of its coming has a stronger impact on the hearts and is clearer as to the mercy of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) and His bounty. He said: "

and spreads His mercy

وينشر رحمته

He spreads His rain" This is what the commentator said. If the intended meaning were as he said, he would have said: He sends down the rain after they had despaired and spreads it. But the correct interpretation is that He spreads His mercy, meaning the mercy that results from this rain, such as the growth of crops, the flowing of milk, the abundance of provision, and other things that arise from the rain. Some scholars said: He spreads His mercy, meaning He makes the sky clear so that the sun comes out. There is a consideration regarding this, unless the rains reach a level where their harm is feared. In that case, the clearing of the clouds and the coming out of the sun would be a mercy. However, the mere coming out of the sun and the clearing of the clouds is not a mercy, but it is wisdom. We know that Allah the Exalted does this for a wisdom. So the matter is broader than what the author mentioned.
"

and He is the Protector

وهو الولي

The Benefactor to the believers

the Praiseworthy

الحميد

The one praised by them" His statement: "

and He is the Protector

وهو الولي

The Benefactor to the believers" He interpreted al-Wilayah (protectorship) as al-Ihsan (beneficence). The correct view is that al-Wilayah is broader. His statement: meaning the one who takes charge of the affairs of His servants. And his statement: meaning the one praised for this protectorship, because it is a protectorship of mercy, wisdom, and justice, so He is praised for it. If Allah the Exalted is the Protector, to whom does one turn when affairs become difficult? One turns to Allah (Mighty and Majestic), because He is the Protector. Just as an orphan turns to his guardian for the management of his wealth. And his statement: meaning the one praised for His protectorship. The protectorship of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) is divided into two categories from which it does not deviate: either beneficence or justice. The third is impossible, which is injustice. So the protectorship of Allah the Exalted does not deviate from these two matters, namely: beneficence and justice.