Explanation of the author's statement: "And Qatadah disliked learning the stations of the moon."
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The Shaykh : He said: "And Qatadah disliked learning the stations of the moon". Qatadah disliked learning the stations of the moon. Know that "dislike" (karahah) in the Book and the Sunnah refers to what is forbidden, and it can also refer to what is greater than what is forbidden, such as shirk (associating partners with Allah). It is not used for what is technically "disliked" (makruh) in the terminology of the majority of later jurists, who mean by "dislike" what is not forbidden, because "the forbidden is that which is prohibited with the obligation to leave it, and the disliked is that which is prohibited without the obligation to leave it". Thus, the later jurists distinguish between "dislike" and "prohibition." However, in the Qur'an and the Sunnah, and in what came from the Salaf, "dislike" means prohibition. Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, said: [Al-Isra 17:23] Then He mentioned many prohibitions, and then He said: [Al-Isra 17:38] Yes, indeed.
The student: ... the intended meaning of "dislike" is prohibition ... :Sahih al-Bukhari 2408 .
The Shaykh : This is forbidden.
The student: Forbidden.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed. As for what the jurists mention, it is for the sake of disapproval; it is a dislike of disapproval (karahah tanzihiyyah). He said: "And Qatadah disliked learning the stations of the moon". This is a dislike of prohibition, based on the well-known rule among the scholars of knowledge: what does "dislike" mean in the terminology of the early scholars?
The student: It means prohibition.
The Shaykh : It means prohibition. Learning the stations of the moon may refer to knowing the station of the moon on a given night—whether it is in the Crab, the Crown, or such-and-such a station. It may also refer to learning the stations of the stars, meaning that such-and-such a star appears on such-and-such a day. It is known to the general public that Allah, the Exalted, made these stars markers for the seasons, because there are twenty-eight stars: fourteen southern and fourteen northern. When the sun enters the northern stations, it becomes hot, and when it enters the southern stations, it becomes cold. Therefore, a sign of the approach of cold is the appearance of the Pleiades (al-Suhayl), which is one of the southern stars. So Qatadah disliked learning the stations of the moon. I say that it is possible that the intended meaning is knowing the station of the moon every night, because the moon descends to a new station every night until it completes twenty-eight on the twenty-ninth night, and on the thirtieth night it is hidden, meaning that it generally does not appear.
And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment
وقضى ربك ألا تعبدوا إلا إياه وبالوالدين إحساناAll that - its evil is ever, in the sight of your Lord, detested.
كل ذلك كان سيئه عند ربك مكروهاThe student: ... the intended meaning of "dislike" is prohibition ... :
vain, useless talk, or that you talk too much about others
وكره لكم قيل وقالThe Shaykh : This is forbidden.
The student: Forbidden.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed. As for what the jurists mention, it is for the sake of disapproval; it is a dislike of disapproval (karahah tanzihiyyah). He said: "And Qatadah disliked learning the stations of the moon". This is a dislike of prohibition, based on the well-known rule among the scholars of knowledge: what does "dislike" mean in the terminology of the early scholars?
The student: It means prohibition.
The Shaykh : It means prohibition. Learning the stations of the moon may refer to knowing the station of the moon on a given night—whether it is in the Crab, the Crown, or such-and-such a station. It may also refer to learning the stations of the stars, meaning that such-and-such a star appears on such-and-such a day. It is known to the general public that Allah, the Exalted, made these stars markers for the seasons, because there are twenty-eight stars: fourteen southern and fourteen northern. When the sun enters the northern stations, it becomes hot, and when it enters the southern stations, it becomes cold. Therefore, a sign of the approach of cold is the appearance of the Pleiades (al-Suhayl), which is one of the southern stars. So Qatadah disliked learning the stations of the moon. I say that it is possible that the intended meaning is knowing the station of the moon every night, because the moon descends to a new station every night until it completes twenty-eight on the twenty-ninth night, and on the thirtieth night it is hidden, meaning that it generally does not appear.