Discussion of what was previously taken from the chapter on transitive and intransitive verbs.
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment.
The transitive verb has two markers. Ibn Malik mentioned one of them. What is the one that Ibn Malik mentioned?
The student: A non-verb haa is attached to it.
The Shaykh : That a non-verb haa is attached to it. What is an example?
The student: The window, I broke it.
The Shaykh : Why did you break it? It’s cold, it doesn’t break!
The student: The door, I closed it.
The Shaykh : Okay, good, but there shouldn’t be any coals in it, the oxygen runs out and one dies. The food, I ate it. Okay, what is the precaution in the phrase: "a non-verb haa"?
The student: It is a precaution against the haa of the verbal noun.
The Shaykh : Yes, because it enters?
The student: It enters upon.
The Shaykh : The transitive?
The student: Upon the intransitive verb.
The Shaykh : The transitive and the intransitive.
The student: Yes, it enters upon the transitive and the intransitive verb.
The Shaykh : Okay, an example of the intransitive?
The student: Coming, I came to it.
The Shaykh : Coming, I came to it. Okay, well done. The second marker that Ibn Malik did not mention is?
The student: That a passive participle is derived from it.
The Shaykh : Yes, not transitive, like?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : ... without being made transitive by a preposition, and it became a passive participle without being made transitive by a preposition.
The student: I hit him, so he is hit.
The Shaykh : Good, like "hit," do you derive a passive participle from it?
The student: Hit.
The Shaykh : Hit. The food was eaten, so it is eaten. May Allah reward you. What is the ruling of the transitive verb? Ubayd?
The student: The ruling of the transitive verb is that it puts its object in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : That it puts its object in the accusative case.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Except?
The student: If it is not a substitute for the subject.
The Shaykh : If it is not a substitute for the subject. Well done. If we do not find the object in the transitive verb, Ya Samih?
The student: Yes, we do not search for it.
The Shaykh : How? If we do not find the object, we said: every transitive intransitive verb puts an object in the accusative case.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : But we did not find it.
The student: The object is an extra, so its presence in the sentence is not required, meaning: it is omitted.
The Shaykh : Okay, this is what we want. If we do not find it, it means it is omitted, because every transitive verb must have an object. So if we do not find it before us, it is omitted. Okay, as for the transitive verb, is it omitted or not? Known. Okay, from the rules of the intransitive verb, some were mentioned by Ibn Malik. Khalid?
The student: He mentioned the verbs of qualities.
The Shaykh : For example?
The student: Like "fahima" (understood) and "nahima" (was greedy).
The Shaykh : "Fahima"? It is not correct. "Fahima" is not from the verbs of qualities. You say: I understood the lesson.
The student: "Nahima."
The Shaykh : "Nahima." Okay, and others? Ibn Malik mentioned "nahima," but we need you to answer. Ibn Dawud?
The student: Illness.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: "Marada" (became ill) and "mata" (died).
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: These are conditions.
The Shaykh : Yes, conditions. Fuad?
The student: "Zarufa" (was witty).
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: "Zarufa."
The Shaykh : "Zarufa." "Ghadiba" (became angry)?
The student: A condition.
The Shaykh : A condition. Okay, is this also from the rules?
The student: What is on the pattern "af'al_lal."
The Shaykh : "Af'al_lal," like?
The student: "Itamanna" (became calm).
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: "Itamanna."
The Shaykh : "Itamanna."
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "Iqshara" (shuddered).
The Shaykh : "Iqshara." Okay, the brother? And from the rules also?
The student: "Sharufa" (was noble).
The Shaykh : No, no, this is from the verbs of qualities.
The student: "Danisa" (became dirty).
The Shaykh : No, my brother, the rules that Ibn Malik mentioned? We are done with "af'al_lal."
The student: "Iq'an_sas."
The Shaykh : Okay, what is similar to "iq'an_sas"? Count "iq'an_sas"? Abdullah ibn Awadh?
The student: "I'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : "I'fan_lal," correct. Meaning: what is on the pattern?
The student: "I'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : "I'fan_lal." Okay, an example?
The student: The one he said.
The Shaykh : Okay, we want one other than the one he said.
The student: "Iharnajam."
The Shaykh : "Iharnajam." Well done. "Wa'qan_sas," and "iharnaba" (the rooster crowed).
The student: This is on the pattern "i'fan_l," not on the pattern "i'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : How? "Iharnaba."
The student: "Iharnaba" is on the pattern "i'fan_l."
The Shaykh : Okay, "iharnab_b" how many?
The student: "Iharnaba" the rooster?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: When it puffs up to fight.
The Shaykh : But okay, how many letters?
The student: How many letters?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: We have a hamza of connection.
The Shaykh : Good, and the haa.
The student: And we have a haa.
The Shaykh : And the raa.
The student: And we have a raa.
The Shaykh : An extra noon.
The student: An extra noon, and we have a baa.
The Shaykh : A baa and an alif.
The student: And an alif, yes.
The Shaykh : How many is this? It is on the pattern?
The student: On the pattern "i'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : "I'fan_lal."
The student: "I'fan_lal," yes.
The Shaykh : Correct, and it is so. From the rules also, Musa?
The student: What necessitates cleanliness or dirtiness.
The Shaykh : For example?
The student: The garment became pure.
The Shaykh : The garment became pure. Here, dirtiness?
The student: It became dirty.
The Shaykh : The garment became dirty. Okay, and from the rules also, Sa'd?
The student: "Ihmarra" (became red).
The Shaykh : For example?
The student: The man’s face became red.
The Shaykh : The man’s face became red. Why "the man his face"?
The student: The man’s face became red.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: The man’s face became red.
The Shaykh : Good. "Ikhadharra" (the plant became green), like that? And from the rules?
The student: From the rules is what is the passive of the transitive, what is the passive of the transitive verb.
The Shaykh : Transitive to two?
The student: Whether to two or to one, to one, one.
The Shaykh : To one person.
The student: To one.
The Shaykh : Okay, an example?
The student: I rolled it, so it rolled.
The Shaykh : I rolled it?
The student: So it rolled.
The Shaykh : So it rolled. I taught him?
The student: So he learned.
The Shaykh : I spoke to him?
The student: So he spoke.
The Shaykh : Okay, may Allah bless you.
The student: Is "ta'allama" (learned) an intransitive or a transitive verb?
The Shaykh : "Ta'allama," if it is a passive, it is intransitive. But if it is not a passive, I say: he learned the lesson, so it is transitive. It says: "and make it intransitive" Is this the beginning of the lesson now?
The student: Yes.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment.
The transitive verb has two markers. Ibn Malik mentioned one of them. What is the one that Ibn Malik mentioned?
The student: A non-verb haa is attached to it.
The Shaykh : That a non-verb haa is attached to it. What is an example?
The student: The window, I broke it.
The Shaykh : Why did you break it? It’s cold, it doesn’t break!
The student: The door, I closed it.
The Shaykh : Okay, good, but there shouldn’t be any coals in it, the oxygen runs out and one dies. The food, I ate it. Okay, what is the precaution in the phrase: "a non-verb haa"?
The student: It is a precaution against the haa of the verbal noun.
The Shaykh : Yes, because it enters?
The student: It enters upon.
The Shaykh : The transitive?
The student: Upon the intransitive verb.
The Shaykh : The transitive and the intransitive.
The student: Yes, it enters upon the transitive and the intransitive verb.
The Shaykh : Okay, an example of the intransitive?
The student: Coming, I came to it.
The Shaykh : Coming, I came to it. Okay, well done. The second marker that Ibn Malik did not mention is?
The student: That a passive participle is derived from it.
The Shaykh : Yes, not transitive, like?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : ... without being made transitive by a preposition, and it became a passive participle without being made transitive by a preposition.
The student: I hit him, so he is hit.
The Shaykh : Good, like "hit," do you derive a passive participle from it?
The student: Hit.
The Shaykh : Hit. The food was eaten, so it is eaten. May Allah reward you. What is the ruling of the transitive verb? Ubayd?
The student: The ruling of the transitive verb is that it puts its object in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : That it puts its object in the accusative case.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Except?
The student: If it is not a substitute for the subject.
The Shaykh : If it is not a substitute for the subject. Well done. If we do not find the object in the transitive verb, Ya Samih?
The student: Yes, we do not search for it.
The Shaykh : How? If we do not find the object, we said: every transitive intransitive verb puts an object in the accusative case.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : But we did not find it.
The student: The object is an extra, so its presence in the sentence is not required, meaning: it is omitted.
The Shaykh : Okay, this is what we want. If we do not find it, it means it is omitted, because every transitive verb must have an object. So if we do not find it before us, it is omitted. Okay, as for the transitive verb, is it omitted or not? Known. Okay, from the rules of the intransitive verb, some were mentioned by Ibn Malik. Khalid?
The student: He mentioned the verbs of qualities.
The Shaykh : For example?
The student: Like "fahima" (understood) and "nahima" (was greedy).
The Shaykh : "Fahima"? It is not correct. "Fahima" is not from the verbs of qualities. You say: I understood the lesson.
The student: "Nahima."
The Shaykh : "Nahima." Okay, and others? Ibn Malik mentioned "nahima," but we need you to answer. Ibn Dawud?
The student: Illness.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: "Marada" (became ill) and "mata" (died).
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: These are conditions.
The Shaykh : Yes, conditions. Fuad?
The student: "Zarufa" (was witty).
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: "Zarufa."
The Shaykh : "Zarufa." "Ghadiba" (became angry)?
The student: A condition.
The Shaykh : A condition. Okay, is this also from the rules?
The student: What is on the pattern "af'al_lal."
The Shaykh : "Af'al_lal," like?
The student: "Itamanna" (became calm).
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: "Itamanna."
The Shaykh : "Itamanna."
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "Iqshara" (shuddered).
The Shaykh : "Iqshara." Okay, the brother? And from the rules also?
The student: "Sharufa" (was noble).
The Shaykh : No, no, this is from the verbs of qualities.
The student: "Danisa" (became dirty).
The Shaykh : No, my brother, the rules that Ibn Malik mentioned? We are done with "af'al_lal."
The student: "Iq'an_sas."
The Shaykh : Okay, what is similar to "iq'an_sas"? Count "iq'an_sas"? Abdullah ibn Awadh?
The student: "I'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : "I'fan_lal," correct. Meaning: what is on the pattern?
The student: "I'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : "I'fan_lal." Okay, an example?
The student: The one he said.
The Shaykh : Okay, we want one other than the one he said.
The student: "Iharnajam."
The Shaykh : "Iharnajam." Well done. "Wa'qan_sas," and "iharnaba" (the rooster crowed).
The student: This is on the pattern "i'fan_l," not on the pattern "i'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : How? "Iharnaba."
The student: "Iharnaba" is on the pattern "i'fan_l."
The Shaykh : Okay, "iharnab_b" how many?
The student: "Iharnaba" the rooster?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: When it puffs up to fight.
The Shaykh : But okay, how many letters?
The student: How many letters?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: We have a hamza of connection.
The Shaykh : Good, and the haa.
The student: And we have a haa.
The Shaykh : And the raa.
The student: And we have a raa.
The Shaykh : An extra noon.
The student: An extra noon, and we have a baa.
The Shaykh : A baa and an alif.
The student: And an alif, yes.
The Shaykh : How many is this? It is on the pattern?
The student: On the pattern "i'fan_lal."
The Shaykh : "I'fan_lal."
The student: "I'fan_lal," yes.
The Shaykh : Correct, and it is so. From the rules also, Musa?
The student: What necessitates cleanliness or dirtiness.
The Shaykh : For example?
The student: The garment became pure.
The Shaykh : The garment became pure. Here, dirtiness?
The student: It became dirty.
The Shaykh : The garment became dirty. Okay, and from the rules also, Sa'd?
The student: "Ihmarra" (became red).
The Shaykh : For example?
The student: The man’s face became red.
The Shaykh : The man’s face became red. Why "the man his face"?
The student: The man’s face became red.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: The man’s face became red.
The Shaykh : Good. "Ikhadharra" (the plant became green), like that? And from the rules?
The student: From the rules is what is the passive of the transitive, what is the passive of the transitive verb.
The Shaykh : Transitive to two?
The student: Whether to two or to one, to one, one.
The Shaykh : To one person.
The student: To one.
The Shaykh : Okay, an example?
The student: I rolled it, so it rolled.
The Shaykh : I rolled it?
The student: So it rolled.
The Shaykh : So it rolled. I taught him?
The student: So he learned.
The Shaykh : I spoke to him?
The student: So he spoke.
The Shaykh : Okay, may Allah bless you.
The student: Is "ta'allama" (learned) an intransitive or a transitive verb?
The Shaykh : "Ta'allama," if it is a passive, it is intransitive. But if it is not a passive, I say: he learned the lesson, so it is transitive. It says: "and make it intransitive" Is this the beginning of the lesson now?
The student: Yes.