Mentioning the benefits from the author's statement: "... Making up missed prayers..."
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The Shaykh : Now, the author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And it is obligatory to make up the missed prayers", then he said: "Making up the missed prayers".
From this, it is derived that one makes up the missed prayer in its original form, because making up (qada') mirrors the performance (ada'). This is a well-known principle. Accordingly, if one makes up a night prayer during the day, he recites aloud, and if he makes up a day prayer at night, he recites quietly, because making up mirrors the performance. This is also based on the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him): Just as the command relates to the essence of the prayer, it also relates to the manner of the prayer, specifically its characteristics, such as reciting aloud at night and quietly during the day. This is also what the Sunnah has established, as in the hadith of Abu Qatadah regarding their sleeping through the Fajr prayer with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: "So he prayed it as he used to pray it every day".
Now, from this it is also derived that congregation is prescribed in it if they are a group. How is that? Because making up mirrors the performance. Just as they would have prayed in congregation if they had prayed it in its time, so too, if they make it up, they pray it in congregation. This is also what the Sunnah has established, as in the hadith of Abu Qatadah, where the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Bilal to give the adhan, then he prayed the two rak'ahs of Fajr, and then he prayed Fajr in congregation.
Now, then the author said: "And it is obligatory upon him to make up the missed prayers".
From this, it is derived that one makes up the missed prayer in its original form, because making up (qada') mirrors the performance (ada'). This is a well-known principle. Accordingly, if one makes up a night prayer during the day, he recites aloud, and if he makes up a day prayer at night, he recites quietly, because making up mirrors the performance. This is also based on the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him):
Whoever sleeps through a prayer or forgets it, let him pray it when he remembers it.
من نام عن صلاة أو نسيها فليصلها إذا ذكرهاNow, from this it is also derived that congregation is prescribed in it if they are a group. How is that? Because making up mirrors the performance. Just as they would have prayed in congregation if they had prayed it in its time, so too, if they make it up, they pray it in congregation. This is also what the Sunnah has established, as in the hadith of Abu Qatadah, where the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Bilal to give the adhan, then he prayed the two rak'ahs of Fajr, and then he prayed Fajr in congregation.
Now, then the author said: "And it is obligatory upon him to make up the missed prayers".