Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) stated, in what he quoted from Sahl ibn Hunayf from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that he said:Sahih Muslim 1909 : The author (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned this hadith in the chapter on sincerity, and the point of relevance here is his statement: Sahih Muslim 1909 : Martyrdom is a high rank after the rank of the truthful ones (Siddiqin), as Allah the Exalted said: [An-Nisa 4:69] , and it has many types, among which is testifying to the judgments of Allah the Mighty and Majestic regarding His servants. This is the testimony of the scholars, about which Allah said: [Ali 'Imran 3:18] .
Many scholars have held, in interpreting the statement of Allah the Exalted: , that they are the scholars. There is no doubt that the scholars are martyrs. What are they testifying to? They testify that Allah the Exalted sent His Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) with guidance and the religion of truth. They testify to the community that the Shari'ah of Allah has been conveyed to them. They also testify regarding the judgments of Allah: this is lawful, this is forbidden, this is obligatory, this is recommended, this is disliked. And no one knows this except the people of knowledge. Therefore, they are martyrs.
Among the martyrs are also those who are struck by a spear, those with abdominal wounds, the speared and the wounded in the belly, the burned, the drowned, and those similar to them.
Among the martyrs are those who are killed in the cause of Allah.
Among the martyrs are those who are killed in defense of their wealth and their lives, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said when he was asked. A man asked him: meaning: by force. He said: Riyad as-Salihin 1357 : because he is an aggressor and a wrongdoer. He said: . And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1421Sahih (Darussalam) .
Among the martyrs are also those who are killed unjustly, when a person aggresses against them and kills them by treachery unjustly. This person is also a martyr. But the highest of the martyrs are those who are killed in the cause of Allah, as Allah the Exalted said:[Ali 'Imran 3:169-171] . But who are these? They are those who fought so that the word of Allah would be the supreme word. They did not fight for their own desires, they did not fight for their wealth, but they fought so that the word of Allah would be the supreme word, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: : This is the scale, a just scale that does not err, a scale placed by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) by which a person's deed is weighed. If your fighting is so that the word of Allah is the supreme word, then you are in the cause of Allah. If you are killed, you are a martyr, and if you gain spoils, you are happy, as Allah the Exalted said: [At-Tawbah 9:52] : either martyrdom or victory and triumph. [At-Tawbah 9:52] meaning: either Allah punishes you and removes your shirk, as Allah the Exalted did with the confederates who gathered against Madinah intending to fight the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), so Allah sent upon them a wind and soldiers and cast terror into their hearts, or by our hands: as happened at Badr, where Allah the Exalted punished the polytheists by the hands of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions. This is the one who fights so that the word of Allah is the supreme word; he is the martyr. So if a person asks his Lord, saying: “O Allah, I ask You for martyrdom in Your cause,” and martyrdom is only achieved by fighting so that the word of Allah is the supreme word, then if Allah the Exalted knows from him the sincerity of his words and intention, He will grant him the rank of the martyrs, even if he dies on his bed.
What remains for us is: does the one who fights in defense of his country fight in the cause of Allah or not? We say: If you fight for your country because it is an Islamic country and you want to protect it because it is an Islamic country, then this is in the cause of Allah, because you fought so that the word of Allah would be the supreme word. But if you fight only because it is your homeland, then this is not in the cause of Allah, because the scale placed by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) does not apply to him:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1646Sahih (Darussalam) And anything other than that is not in the cause of Allah. Therefore, a person must correct his intention in fighting to defend his country, by intending that he is fighting for this country because it is an Islamic country and he wants to preserve the Islam within it. By this, if he is killed, he is a martyr with the reward of the martyrs, and if he gains spoils, he becomes happy, profiting either in this world or the Hereafter. And Allah is the One who grants success.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) stated, in what he quoted from Sahl ibn Hunayf from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that he said:
Who sought martyrdom with sincerity will be ranked by Allah among the martyrs even if he died on his bed
من سألَ اللهَ الشهادة بصدق أنزل الله تعالى منازل الشهداء وإن مات على فراشهWho sought martyrdom with sincerity
من سأل الله الشهادة بصدقAnd whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger - those will be with the ones upon whom Allah has bestowed favor of the prophets, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs and the righteous
وَمَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَالرَّسُولَ فَأُولَئِكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَAllah witnesses that there is no deity except Him, and [so do] the angels and those of knowledge
شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَالْمَلائِكَةُ وَأُولُو الْعِلْمِMany scholars have held, in interpreting the statement of Allah the Exalted:
and the martyrs
والشهداءAmong the martyrs are also those who are struck by a spear, those with abdominal wounds, the speared and the wounded in the belly, the burned, the drowned, and those similar to them.
Among the martyrs are those who are killed in the cause of Allah.
Among the martyrs are those who are killed in defense of their wealth and their lives, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said when he was asked. A man asked him:
O Messenger of Allah, what do you think if a man comes to me demanding my wealth
أرأيت يا رسول الله إن جاءني رجل يطلب ماليAbu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and asked, "O Messenger of Allah! What shall I do if someone comes to me with the intention of taking away my property?" He replied, "Do not hand over it to him." The man asked, "What shall I do if he fights me?" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Then fight him." "What will be my position in the Hereafter if he has killed me?" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) replied, "In that case you are a martyr." The man asked: "What if I killed him?" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) replied, "He will be in the Hell- fire." [Muslim] .
لا تعطه . قال : أرأيت إن قاتلني . قال : قاتله . قال : أرأيت إن قتلته . قال : هو في النارWhat do you think if he kills me? He said: If he kills you, you are a martyr
أرأيت إن قتلني ؟ قال : إن قتلك فأنت شهيدNarrated Zaid: that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying: "Whoever is killed over his wealth then he is a martyr, and whoever is killed over his religion, then he is a martyr, and whoever is killed over his blood, then he is martyr, and whoever is killed over his family, then he is martyr."
من قتل دون ماله من قتل دون أهله فهو شهيدAmong the martyrs are also those who are killed unjustly, when a person aggresses against them and kills them by treachery unjustly. This person is also a martyr. But the highest of the martyrs are those who are killed in the cause of Allah, as Allah the Exalted said:
(169) And never think of those who have been killed in the cause of Allah as dead. Rather, they are alive with their Lord, receiving provision, (170) Rejoicing in what Allah has bestowed upon them of His bounty, and they receive good tidings about those [to be martyred] after them who have not yet joined them - that there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve. (171) They receive good tidings of favor from Allah and bounty and [of the fact] that Allah does not allow the reward of believers to be lost -
وَلا تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَمْوَاتاً بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ يُرْزَقُونَ فَرِحِينَ بِمَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَيَسْتَبْشِرُونَ بِالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ أَلَّا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ * يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَفَضْلٍ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَWhen he was asked about a man who fights with bravery, fights out of pride, and fights to be seen, which of these is in the cause of Allah? He said: “Whoever fights so that the word of Allah is the highest, he is in the cause of Allah.”
حين سئل عن الرجل يقاتل شجاعة ويقاتل حمية ويقاتل ليرى مكانه أي ذلك في سبيل الله ؟ قال : من قاتل لتكون كلمة الله هي العليا فهو في سبيل اللهSay, "Do you await for us except one of the two best things
قُلْ هَلْ تَرَبَّصُونَ بِنَا إِلَّا إِحْدَى الْحُسْنَيَيْنِwhile we await for you that Allah will afflict you with punishment from Himself or at our hands
وَنَحْنُ نَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمْ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمُ اللَّهُ بِعَذَابٍ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ أَوْ بِأَيْدِينَاWhat remains for us is: does the one who fights in defense of his country fight in the cause of Allah or not? We say: If you fight for your country because it is an Islamic country and you want to protect it because it is an Islamic country, then this is in the cause of Allah, because you fought so that the word of Allah would be the supreme word. But if you fight only because it is your homeland, then this is not in the cause of Allah, because the scale placed by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) does not apply to him: