Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
He (may Allah have mercy on him) said, in what he quoted from Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:Musnad Ahmad 1342Sahih (Darussalam) And his sending of him was in Rabi' in the tenth year of the Hijrah. He (peace and blessings be upon him) sent him to Yemen, and they were People of the Book. He said to him: Sunan an-Nasa'i 2435Sahih (Darussalam) Inform him of their condition so that he would be prepared for them, because the one who debates with the People of the Book will have stronger evidence than what the polytheist has, because the polytheist is ignorant, while the one who was given the Book has knowledge. Also, he informed him of their condition so that he would treat them according to their status and debate them with the best manner. Then he directed him (may the prayers and peace of Allah be upon him) to make the first thing he calls them to be tawhid (the oneness of Allah) and the message. He said to him: Sunan an-Nasa'i 3969Sahih (Darussalam) That they testify that there is no god but Allah, meaning: there is no true object of worship except Allah alone, with no partner. He is the one worthy of worship, and everything other than Him has no right to be worshipped; rather, its worship is invalid. As Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Hajj 22:62] Meaning: the one He sent to the jinn and humans, with whom He sealed the messages. So whoever does not believe in him is among the people of the Fire. Sunan al-Bayhaqi 10:547 Meaning: they testified that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Sahih Muslim 19a These are the midday, afternoon, sunset, night, and dawn prayers. Nothing of the prayers is obligatory other than these, meaning, of the daily prayers, other than these five. So witr is not obligatory, the regular voluntary prayers (rawatib) are not obligatory, and the Dhuha prayer is not obligatory. As for the festival prayer and the eclipse prayer, according to the view that they are obligatory, that is for a specific occasion with a cause that is unique to it, not something obligatory every day. Sunan Ibn Majah 1783Sahih (Darussalam) And this is zakah. Zakah is an obligatory charity in wealth, taken from the rich and returned to the poor. The rich person here is the one who possesses a zakah-eligible threshold (nisab). The rich person is not the one with a large amount, but the one who possesses a zakah-eligible threshold is considered rich, even if he has only one threshold. And his saying: Because the poor of the town are more deserving of receiving the charity of the people of the town. For this reason, some people err by sending their charity to distant lands while there are needy people in their own land. That is forbidden (haram) for them, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih Muslim 19a And because the close relatives are more deserving of kindness. And because the close relatives know your wealth and know that you are rich. So if they do not benefit from your wealth, there will arise in their hearts enmity and hatred, and you will be the cause of it. Perhaps, if they see that you are sending your charity to distant lands while they are in need, they might transgress against you, attack you, and destroy your wealth. For this reason, it is wise that as long as the people of his land are in need, a person should not direct his charity to others. It is taken from their rich and returned to their poor. If they respond to you and agree, then beware of the best of their wealth. This means: do not take from their good wealth, but take the moderate. The moderate does not wrong them, and you do not wrong them. Meaning: if you take from the best of their wealth, you are wronging them, and perhaps they will supplicate against you. So fear the supplication of the oppressed, for there is no barrier between it and Allah. It ascends to Allah the Exalted and He responds to it. And this is the point of this hadith for the chapter the author cited it in: that a person must fear the supplication of the oppressed. Many benefits are derived from this hadith, some related to this chapter and some related to others, and we will mention them, if Allah wills, in the next lesson.
The reader: The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: " From Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: Agreed upon ".
He (may Allah have mercy on him) said, in what he quoted from Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent me to Yemen
بعثني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى اليمنYou are going to some of the People of the book
إنك تأتي قومًا أهل كتابI have been commanded to fight the people until they bear witness to La ilaha illallah (there is none worthy of worship except Allah) and that I am the Messenger of Allah
أعلمهم ادعهم إلى أن يشهدوا أن لا إله إلا الله وأني رسول اللهThat is because Allah is the Truth, and that which they call upon other than Him is falsehood, and because Allah is the Most High, the Grand.
ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْحَقُّ وَأَنَّ مَا يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ هو الْبَاطِلُ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُAnd that I am the Messenger of Allah
وأني رسول اللهIf they respond to you in that
فإن هم أجابوك لذلكthen tell them Allah has enjoined upon them five prayers during the day and the night
فأعلمهم أن الله افترض عليهم خمس صلوات في كل يوم وليلةthen tell them that Allah has enjoined upon them five prayers every day and night. If they obey that, then tell them that Allah has enjoined upon them charity (Zakat) from their wealth, to be taken from the rich and given to their poor.
أعلمهم أن الله افترض عليهم خمس صلوات في كل يوم وليلة، فإن هم أجابوك فأعلمهم أن الله افترض عليهم صدقة في أموالهم تؤخذ من أغنيائهم فترد على فقرائهمit is returned to their poor
ترد في فقرائهمthat it should be collected from the rich and distributed among the poor
تؤخذ من أغنيائهم فترد في فقرائهمand beware of the supplication of the oppressed
واتق دعوة المظلومThe reader: The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: " From Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
