Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : The discussion has already taken place regarding the hadith of Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him). Then the author said: "The chapter on the obligation to command one's household to prayer, and one's children if they are discerning":
The point of connection is that the author (may Allah have mercy on him), having mentioned what is obligatory for the household in terms of nourishing the body, mentioned what is obligatory in terms of nourishing the soul, which falls upon their father and whoever has authority over them. The most important, most obligatory, and best thing to command them to is prayer, as Allah the Exalted said to His Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his companions):[Taha 20:132]: So He commanded him to command his household to prayer.
"The household" refers to everyone in the house: the wife, son, daughter, aunt, maternal aunt, and mother. Everyone in the house is part of the household. He commanded him to command them to prayer, and he commanded him to be patient with it: meaning to encourage himself to patience. This is why the letter taa was added, which increases the structure and increases the meaning: "istabbara" (be patient), because its original form was "istabbara" (be patient) without the taa.
And Allah mentioned regarding Isma'il, the father of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), since he is one of his ancestors, that he:[Maryam 19:55]. So a person is responsible for his household, responsible for their upbringing, even if they are young, provided they are discerning. As for the non-discerning child, he is commanded to do what his mind can handle.
Then he mentioned the hadith of al-Hasan ibn 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with them both)::
So charity is not lawful for the family of Muhammad, because they are the most noble of people, and charities and zakah are the filth of people. It is not fitting for the noblest of people to take the filth of people, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to his uncle al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him):Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 6:102.
So in this is evidence that a person must discipline his children against doing what is forbidden, just as he must discipline them to do what is obligatory. And Allah grants success.
The point of connection is that the author (may Allah have mercy on him), having mentioned what is obligatory for the household in terms of nourishing the body, mentioned what is obligatory in terms of nourishing the soul, which falls upon their father and whoever has authority over them. The most important, most obligatory, and best thing to command them to is prayer, as Allah the Exalted said to His Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his companions):
And enjoin prayer upon your family [and people] and be steadfast therein. We ask you not for provision; We provide for you, and the [best] outcome is for [those of] righteousness.
وَأْمُرْ أَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلاةِ وَاصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْهَا لا نَسْأَلُكَ رِزْقاً نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكَ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلتَّقْوَى"The household" refers to everyone in the house: the wife, son, daughter, aunt, maternal aunt, and mother. Everyone in the house is part of the household. He commanded him to command them to prayer, and he commanded him to be patient with it: meaning to encourage himself to patience. This is why the letter taa was added, which increases the structure and increases the meaning: "istabbara" (be patient), because its original form was "istabbara" (be patient) without the taa.
And Allah mentioned regarding Isma'il, the father of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), since he is one of his ancestors, that he:
And he used to enjoin on his people prayer and zakah and was to his Lord pleasing.
وكان يأمرُ أهله بالصلاة والزكاة، وكان عند ربه مرضياًThen he mentioned the hadith of al-Hasan ibn 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with them both):
That he took a date from the charity and put it in his mouth, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his companions) said: "Kha, kha" — meaning it is not suitable for you — then he ordered him to take it out of his mouth, and said: "Charity is not lawful for us."
أنه أخذ تمرةً من الصدقة فجعلها في فيه، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: كخ كخ -يعني أنها لا تصلح لك- ثم أمره أن يخرجها من فيه، وقال: إننا لا تحل لنا الصدقةSo charity is not lawful for the family of Muhammad, because they are the most noble of people, and charities and zakah are the filth of people. It is not fitting for the noblest of people to take the filth of people, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to his uncle al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him):
We, the family of Muhammad, charity is not lawful for us; it is only the filth of people.
إنا آل محمد لا تحل لنا الصدقة، إنما هي أوساخ الناسSo in this is evidence that a person must discipline his children against doing what is forbidden, just as he must discipline them to do what is obligatory. And Allah grants success.