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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "

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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
All these hadiths indicate the prohibition of severing family ties and undutifulness to parents. There are similar precedents for this, and among them is the hadith of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both), in which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Abusing one's parents is one of the major sins. مِن الكبائر شتم الرجل والديه
Sahih Muslim 90a
: meaning cursing them and invoking curses upon them, as it came in another narration:
May Allah curse the one who curses his parents. They said: O Messenger of Allah, how can a man insult his parents? لعن الله من لعن والديه ، قالوا: يا رسول الله، كيف يشتم الرجل والديه؟
: because this is a strange and distant matter. He said:
Yes. He verbally abuses the father of a man, who in turn, verbally abuses his father, and he (retaliates and) curses his mother , so he curses his mother. نعم، يشتم أبا الرجل فيشتم أباه، ويشتم أمه فيشتم أمه
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1902Sahih (Darussalam)
: meaning it becomes a cause for insulting his parents. A person comes to another and insults the other person's parents, so the second person responds in kind and insults his own parents. This does not mean that it is permissible for the second person to insult the first man's parents, because:
no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another لا تزر وازرة وزر أخرى
[Al-An'am 6:164]
, but it is the custom and nature of a person to retaliate against another by doing to him what was done to him; if he is cursed, he curses back. As Allah the Exalted said:
And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge وَلا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَيَسُبُّوا اللَّهَ عَدْواً بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ
[Al-An'am 6:108]
, so because it was a cause for cursing his parents, he bears the sin of that.
Then the author mentioned the hadith of al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him), in which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Allah has made it prohibited for you to be disrespectful (showing undutiful behavior) to your mothers, to bury your daughters alive, to refuse others (their dues), and to demand things from others (which are not worth demanding) إن الله حرم عليكم عقوق الأمهات، ووأد البنات، ومنعاً وهات
Bulugh al-Maram 16:20
.
The point of this hadith is the phrase:
Undutifulness to mothers عقوق الأمهات
: which is severing the dutifulness that is obligatory toward them. As for burying daughters alive: it is burying them while they are alive. This is because in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, they disliked daughters and said that the presence of a daughter with a man was a disgrace to him, and the Arabs would criticize him for it.
So they, may Allah protect us from that, would take the daughter, dig a hole for her, and bury her while she was alive. Allah the Exalted said:
(8) And when the girl [who was] buried alive is asked (9) For what sin she was killed وَإِذَا الْمَوْؤُودَةُ سُئِلَتْ * بأَيِّ ذنبٍ قُتلَت
[At-Takwir 81:8-9]
, so Allah forbade that, and it is undoubtedly among the greatest of the major sins. And if killing a non-relative believer is a cause for eternal abode in the Fire, as Allah the Exalted said:
But whoever kills a believer intentionally - his recompense is Hell, wherein he will abide eternally, and Allah has become angry with him and has cursed him and has prepared for him a great punishment. وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِداً فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُ عَذَاباً عَظِيماً
[An-Nisa 4:93]
, then killing a relative is even more severe and more severe.
and withholding and demanding ومنعاً وهات
: meaning that a person is stingy and withholding, refusing to give what he is obligated to spend of wealth, and demanding what is not his right. "Haa" (demanding): means give us money. "Man'an" (refusing): means refusing what is obligatory upon him. This is also among what Allah the Mighty and Majestic has forbidden, because it is not permissible for a person to withhold what he is obligated to spend of wealth, nor is it permissible for him to ask for what he does not deserve. So both are forbidden. For this reason, he said:
It is forbidden to you withholding and demanding حرم عليكم منعاً وهات
.
vain, useless talk, or that you talk too much about others, (2) to ask too many questions, (in disputed religious matters) and (3) to waste the wealth (by extravagance). وكره لكم قيل وقال، وكثرة السؤال، وإضاعة المال
Sahih al-Bukhari 2408
: "Disliked" and "forbidden" are not different, because "disliked" in the terminology of the Lawgiver means "forbidden." But this, may Allah know best, is only a difference in expression.
vain, useless talk, or that you talk too much about others كره لكم قيل وقال
Sahih al-Bukhari 2408
: meaning transferring speech, and the excessive talking and chattering of a person, whose only concern is talking about people, saying "they said so and so" and "it was said so and so." Especially if this is about the honor of scholars and the honor of those in authority, then it is even more disliked and more severe in the sight of Allah the Mighty and Majestic.
So the believing person is the one who does not say anything but good, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
And whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, then let him say what is good or remain silent. من كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فليقل خيراً أو ليصمت
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2500Sahih (Darussalam)
.
vain, useless talk, or that you talk too much about others, (2) to ask too many questions كره لكم قيل وقال وكثرة السؤال
Sahih al-Bukhari 2408
: "Excessive questioning": it is possible that the meaning is questioning about knowledge, and it is possible that the meaning is questioning about wealth.
As for the first, which is excessive questioning about knowledge, this is only disliked if the person does not want anything but to burden the one being asked, to cause him difficulty, and to bore and tire him. But if he wants knowledge, then he is not forbidden from it, and it is not disliked. And Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) was one who asked many questions. It was said to him: "By what did you attain knowledge?" He said: "I attained knowledge with the tongue of one who asks, the mind of one who understands, and a body that is not bored" .
But if his intention is to cause difficulty for the one being asked and to burden him, or to bore him, or to pick up his mistakes so that he might slip, then this is a criticism of him, and this is what is disliked.
As for asking for wealth, excessive asking may associate a person with those who are stingy and greedy. For this reason, it is not permissible for a person to ask for wealth except in case of need, or if he sees that the one being asked will consider it a favor that he asked him. For example, if he is a close friend of yours and you ask him for a need, or if he is a very close relative and you ask him for a need and you know that he will consider it a favor, then there is nothing wrong with that. But if the matter is otherwise, it is not permissible to ask except in case of dire necessity.
And as for wasting wealth: it is spending it in something that is not beneficial, for a person to spend it in something that is not beneficial religiously or worldly. This is wasting it, because Allah the Exalted said:
And do not give the weak-minded your property, which Allah has made a means of sustenance for you وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمُ الَّتِي جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ قِيَاماً
[An-Nisa 4:5]
: so wealth is the foundation for people, by which their religious and worldly interests are established. If he spends it in something other than that, this is wasting it. And uglier than that is spending it in something forbidden, in which he commits two prohibitions:
The first prohibition: wasting wealth.
The second prohibition: committing a forbidden act.
So wealth must be preserved by a person, and he must not waste it, and he must not spend it except in what is beneficial for him religiously or worldly. And success is from Allah.
Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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