Explanation of Riyad al-Salihin-69a

The reciter: The author (may Allah have mercy on him) transmitted, in the context of the hadiths in the chapter on affirming the obligation of zakah:
"From Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:

I have been ordered (by Allah) to fight against the people until they testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and offer the prayers perfectly and give the obligatory charity, so if they perform that, then they save their lives and property from me except for Islamic laws and then their reckoning (accounts) will be done by Allah.

أُمرت أن أقاتل الناس حتى يشهدوا أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدًا رسول الله، ويقيموا الصلاة، ويؤتوا الزكاة، فإذا فعلوا ذلك، عصموا مني دماءهم وأموالهم إلا بحق الإسلام، وحسابهم على الله

Sahih al-Bukhari 25

Agreed upon.
And from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was in charge, and those who disbelieved among the Arabs disbelieved, 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: How will you fight the people when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I was commanded to fight the people until they say there is no god but Allah, and whoever says it, his wealth and self are protected from me except by his right, and his reckoning is with Allah?" Abu Bakr said: By Allah, I will fight whoever separates between prayer and zakah, for zakah is the right of wealth. By Allah, if they prevented me from a rope that they used to pay to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I would fight them for preventing it. 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, it was not until I saw that Allah had expanded the chest of Abu Bakr for fighting that I knew it was the truth.

لما توفي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وكان أبو بكر رضي الله عنه، وكفر من كفر من العرب، فقال عمر رضي الله عنه : كيف تقاتل الناس وقد قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : أُمرت أن أقاتل الناس حتى يقولوا لا إله إلا الله، فمن قالها فقد عصم مني ماله ونفسه إلا بحقه، وحسابه على الله ؟!
فقال أبو بكر : والله لأقاتلن من فرق بين الصلاة والزكاة، فإن الزكاة حق المال، والله لو منعوني عِقالا كانوا يؤدونه إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لقاتلتهم على منعه.
قال عمر رضي الله عنه : فوالله ما هو إلا أن رأيتُ الله قد شرح صدر أبي بكر للقتال، فعرفت أنه الحق

Agreed upon".

The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
These are the hadiths that the author (may Allah have mercy on him) cited in his book *Riyad al-Salihin* in the chapter on affirming the obligation of zakah and explaining its virtue:
He mentioned what was previously discussed, and he mentioned the hadith of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: His statement: The one who commanded him is Allah (Mighty and Majestic), and in this is evidence that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is a commanded, accountable servant who is ordered and forbidden just as the rest of people are ordered and forbidden, because he is a servant among the servants of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); he is not a Lord and does not possess any of the rights of lordship, but he is a servant who is ordered and forbidden, and sometimes he is given more than that, such as Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) saying to him: , and His saying: : His Lord (Mighty and Majestic) rebukes him and says to him, Exalted is He: : So whoever claims that Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), has any share of lordship, and that he benefits and harms, answers supplication, and removes evil, has associated partners with Allah and disbelieved in Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).
He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: : He fights whoever refuses one of these four: the testimony that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, the establishment of prayer, and the payment of zakah. He fights them until they submit and yield to these four. When they do that, meaning: they testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establish prayer, and pay zakah: : meaning, if they do that, they have submitted outwardly, so their blood and property are protected, and their account is with Allah: because some people say: I testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and they establish prayer and pay zakah, while their hearts are wrapped in disbelief. For this reason, he said: : So the hypocrites say: There is no god but Allah, but they do not remember Allah except a little.
And they say to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him): We testify that you are indeed the Messenger of Allah, and they establish prayer, but they do not come to prayer except while lazy, and they give charity, but they do not spend except while reluctant, and despite that, their hearts are wrapped in disbelief. We ask Allah for safety. For this reason, he said: .
Then he (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned the hadith of Abu Hurayrah regarding the discussion between Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), the first caliph of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second caliph of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): They discussed a religious issue, even though each of them loved the other with great love, but this love does not prevent religious discussion and review, because religion is above everything. When Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was chosen by the Companions to be the caliph after the Messenger, and also by the indication of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to him, where he left him in his place for Hajj, which is a major leadership for the people, and for prayer, which is a minor leadership, because the leader of Hajj leads more people than the imam of the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed him as imam in the mosque when he was ill, and left him in charge of the people for Hajj in the year nine of the Hijrah, and the Companions agreed after the death of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) that the caliph after him would be Abu Bakr.
Those who apostatized among the Arabs apostatized, and we seek refuge in Allah from that, and Allah indicated this in His saying: : And this happened; those who apostatized among the Arabs apostatized, they prevented zakah, and they disbelieved in Allah, so Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) fought them.
So 'Umar discussed with him and said: : And this is what 'Umar heard from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family); otherwise, his son heard more than that from the Messenger. He heard from the Messenger that he said: But 'Umar narrated what he heard: , so Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: : Zakah is the right of wealth. : meaning a camel's rope. : And this is evidence of his (may Allah be pleased with him) firmness, the firmness of Abu Bakr, even though he was softer than 'Umar, but in positions of severity and tightness, Abu Bakr is firmer than 'Umar. We give you examples of this, including this example:
'Umar saw that they should not fight the people, but after Abu Bakr reviewed it with him, he knew it was the truth, when he saw that Allah had expanded the chest of Abu Bakr for fighting them, and he was the caliph after the Messenger, so he knew it was the truth, for Allah (Exalted and Majestic) did not expand the chest of this righteous caliph, the first caliph in the Islamic community, except for the truth. He knew it was the truth when Allah expanded the chest of Abu Bakr for it. This is a position where Abu Bakr was more steadfast than 'Umar, more severe, and more stable.
And the second place: When the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) died, Medina was darkened, the people were in turmoil, and it became a great day. The people gathered in the mosque, and 'Umar stood up and said: : meaning he fainted : He said it this way. He said this with seriousness and firmness. And Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was in a garden of his outside the city when the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) died. So they went and informed him. They informed Abu Bakr, so he came to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), uncovered his face, and he had been covered (peace and blessings be upon him). He uncovered his face and kissed him and said: : Then he went out to the people, and 'Umar was speaking, denying it, saying: He has not died, he has fainted, and Allah will send him. So he said: "Hold on" Abu Bakr said: "Hold on": meaning be gentle. So 'Umar sat down or remained standing, and Abu Bakr ascended the pulpit and delivered a great, eloquent sermon to the people in this tight situation, saying: "As for what follows, O people, whoever used to worship Muhammad, then Muhammad has died": (may Allah be pleased with him), and he was the most grieved of people over him, "and whoever used to worship Allah, then Allah is alive and does not die. Then he recited His saying:

Indeed, you are to die, and indeed, they are to die.

إنك ميت وإنهم ميتون

[Az-Zumar 39:30]

and His saying:

Muhammad is not but a messenger. [Other] messengers have passed on before him. So if he was to die or be killed, would you turn back on your heels [to unbelief]? And he who turns back on his heels will never harm Allah at all

وما محمد إلا رسول قد خلت من قبله الرسل أفإن مات أو قتل انقلبتم على أعقابكم ومن ينقلب على عقبيه فلن يضر الله شيئا

[Ali 'Imran 3:144]

", 'Umar said: "until I was struck, so my two legs did not carry me": meaning his legs did not support him. He sat down because he knew that this was the truth. So look at the steadfastness of Abu Bakr in this great position.
As for the third, the third place: It was in the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah contained conditions that appeared to be a humiliation for the Muslims, including: that whoever came from Quraysh as a Muslim, note, whoever came from Quraysh as a Muslim, the Messenger returned him to Quraysh.