The Book of Faith-04b
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The reciter: Qutaybah ibn Sa'id narrated to us, saying: Layth ibn Sa'd narrated to us from 'Aqil from al-Zuhri, who said: 'Ubayd Allah ibn 'Abd Allah ibn 'Utbah ibn Mas'ud informed me from Abu Hurayrah, who said: Sahih Muslim 20
The Shaykh : The point of this is that it is obligatory for the one in authority to fight the people until they say: There is no god but Allah, and that whoever says it has his blood and wealth safe, except for his right. However, this obligation, meaning the obligation to fight the disbelievers until they say: There is no god but Allah, is conditioned by what is a condition in every act of worship, which is the ability. If there is no ability, then it is not obligatory, by the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:[Al-Baqarah 2:195]. For this reason, fighting was not made obligatory except when the Muslim community had a state and had strength; otherwise, they remained afflicted and humiliated in Makkah for thirteen years, and they were not commanded to fight.
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) breathed his last and Abu Bakr was appointed as his successor (Caliph), those amongst the Arabs who wanted to become apostates became apostates. 'Umar b. Khattab said to Abu Bakr: Why would you fight against the people, when the Messenger of Allah declared: I have been directed to fight against people so long as they do not say: There is no god but Allah, and he who professed it was granted full protection of his property and life on my behalf except for a right? His (other) affairs rest with Allah. Upon this Abu Bakr said: By Allah, I would definitely fight against him who severed prayer from Zakat, for it is the obligation upon the rich. By Allah, I would fight against them even to secure the cord (used for hobbling the feet of a camel) which they used to give to the Messenger of Allah (as zakat) but now they have withheld it. Umar b. Khattab remarked: By Allah, I found nothing but the fact that Allah had opened the heart of Abu Bakr for (perceiving the justification of) fighting (against those who refused to pay Zakat) and I fully recognized that the (stand of Abu Bakr) was right.
لما توفي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، واستخلف أبو بكر بعده ، وكفر من كفر من العرب ، قال عمر بن الخطاب لأبي بكر : كيف تقاتل الناس وقد قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : أمرت أن أقاتل الناس حتى يقولوا لا إله إلا الله ، فمن قال لا إله إلا الله ، فقد عصم مني ماله ونفسه ، إلا بحقه وحسابه على الله ، فقال أبو بكر : والله لأقاتلن من فرق بين الصلاة والزكاة ، فإن الزكاة حق المال ، والله لو منعوني عقالا كانوا يؤدونه إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لقاتلتهم على منعه ، فقال عمر بن الخطاب : فوالله ، ما هو إلا أن رأيت الله عز وجل قد شرح صدر أبي بكر للقتال ، فعرفت أنه الحقThe Shaykh : The point of this is that it is obligatory for the one in authority to fight the people until they say: There is no god but Allah, and that whoever says it has his blood and wealth safe, except for his right. However, this obligation, meaning the obligation to fight the disbelievers until they say: There is no god but Allah, is conditioned by what is a condition in every act of worship, which is the ability. If there is no ability, then it is not obligatory, by the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He: