Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: {Alif Lam Mim. Have the Romans been defeated?}
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Q: What is the exegesis of these noble verses, including the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Ar-Rum: 1-3]? I ask the honorable Shaykh to explain this noble verse, and who are the Romans mentioned in it?
A: The Romans: They are the known Christians. The war between them and the Persians was a back-and-forth struggle, sometimes these would prevail over those, and sometimes those over these. Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) informed them that they were defeated, that the Persians defeated them:[Ar-Rum 30:3] in a few years. To Allah belongs the command, before and after. And on that day the believers will rejoice [Ar-Rum: 3 - 4].
So that happened, and the Romans defeated the Persians. This occurred at the beginning of the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) mission, when the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) was in Makkah. This was among the signs and proofs of his (peace and blessings be upon him) truthfulness and that he is truly the Messenger of Allah, because the matter occurred exactly as Allah informed in His great Book.
So Allah (Mighty and Majestic) is the Knower of the unseen, and He informs His Prophet of whatever He wills of it , as He informed him of much of what will happen in the end times, as He informed him of what passed in time; of the news of 'Ad and Thamud, the people of Noah, Pharaoh, and others, and as He also informed him (peace and blessings be upon him) of what will happen on the Day of Resurrection, and of the state of the people of Paradise and the people of the Fire, and so on. This is among the unseen news that the Qur'an informed of, and it occurred as He informed. This was a sign of the truthfulness of the Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). The Muslims rejoiced in this because the Romans were closer to the Muslims than the Persians; because they are People of the Book, and the Persians were worshippers of idols. For this reason, He (Mighty and Majestic) said:[Ar-Rum 30:4] by the victory of Allah the verse [Ar-Rum: 4 - 5].
(1) Alif, Lam, Meem. (2) The Byzantines have been defeated (3) In the nearest land. But they, after their defeat, will overcome.
الم * غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ * فِي أَدْنَى الْأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَA: The Romans: They are the known Christians. The war between them and the Persians was a back-and-forth struggle, sometimes these would prevail over those, and sometimes those over these. Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) informed them that they were defeated, that the Persians defeated them:
In the nearest land. But they, after their defeat, will overcome.
فِي أَدْنَى الْأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ So that happened, and the Romans defeated the Persians. This occurred at the beginning of the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) mission, when the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) was in Makkah. This was among the signs and proofs of his (peace and blessings be upon him) truthfulness and that he is truly the Messenger of Allah, because the matter occurred exactly as Allah informed in His great Book.
So Allah (Mighty and Majestic) is the Knower of the unseen, and He informs His Prophet of whatever He wills of it , as He informed him of much of what will happen in the end times, as He informed him of what passed in time; of the news of 'Ad and Thamud, the people of Noah, Pharaoh, and others, and as He also informed him (peace and blessings be upon him) of what will happen on the Day of Resurrection, and of the state of the people of Paradise and the people of the Fire, and so on. This is among the unseen news that the Qur'an informed of, and it occurred as He informed. This was a sign of the truthfulness of the Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). The Muslims rejoiced in this because the Romans were closer to the Muslims than the Persians; because they are People of the Book, and the Persians were worshippers of idols. For this reason, He (Mighty and Majestic) said:
And that day the believers will rejoice
وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.