And if a woman menstruates and fears missing the Hajj, she enters the state of ihram for it and becomes one who combines the two.
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The Shaykh : Then the author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And if a woman menstruates and fears missing the Hajj, she enters the state of ihram for it and becomes one who combines the two." If a woman menstruates, the term "woman" here is general but intended to mean the specific, so the woman meant here is the woman performing tamattu', meaning she entered the state of ihram for what? For 'Umrah. She entered the state of ihram for 'Umrah to exit from it and then perform Hajj in her year, but she menstruated. She had arrived in Makkah on the fifth day of Dhul-Hijjah and menstruated, and her usual period is six days. She is now on the fifth day. When will she become pure? On the eleventh day, which is after the standing at 'Arafah has passed. So she cannot perform the tawaf and sa'y and complete her 'Umrah. She cannot do that, right or not?
The questioner : Correct.
The Shaykh : Okay, we say to her: It is obligatory for her to enter the state of ihram for Hajj. It is obligatory, specifically, that she enter the state of ihram for Hajj so that she becomes one who combines the two. We said it is obligatory because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered 'A'ishah to do so when she menstruated at Sarif before entering Makkah, and the default ruling for a command is obligation. Also, because Hajj is obligatory immediately, so if she did not enter the state of ihram for it, she would miss the Hajj this year, since it is not possible for her to perform the tawaf and sa'y before the standing at 'Arafah. And because she began the 'Umrah for the sake of Hajj in reality; she did not proceed except for Hajj, because 'Umrah is valid at any time, and it is not possible to perform Hajj except by exiting the state of ihram of 'Umrah. Exiting the state of ihram of 'Umrah is impossible in this situation because she is menstruating, and a menstruating woman does not perform tawaf. So what remains for her is to enter the state of ihram for Hajj so that she becomes one who combines the two. Okay, and similar to this is the case of someone who encounters an obstacle after entering the state of ihram for 'Umrah. He encounters an obstacle that prevents him from reaching Makkah except after the time for the standing at 'Arafah has passed. We say to him: Enter the state of ihram while you are in the state of ihram for 'Umrah, intending to combine it with Hajj. We say to him: What? Enter the state of ihram for Hajj. The scenario of the case: He traveled from al-Madinah to Makkah and entered the state of ihram for 'Umrah, intending what? Intending to combine the 'Umrah with Hajj. On the way, the car broke down, and he knew that it could not be repaired except after the time for the standing at 'Arafah had passed, or in a time when he could not catch up to perform the 'Umrah before the standing at 'Arafah passed. What do we say to him? We say: Enter the state of ihram for Hajj, so that you become one who combines the two, because if you remained in your state of ihram for 'Umrah and did not arrive until the ninth day, there is a risk that you will miss the Hajj. So now, enter the state of ihram for what? For Hajj, so that you do not miss the Hajj. Is the scenario clear or not clear?
What remains for us is: Does our saying "he enters the state of ihram for Hajj" mean that he cancels the 'Umrah and then enters the state of ihram for Hajj, or that he adds the Hajj to the 'Umrah? The first or the second?
The audience: The second.
The Shaykh : The second. So the meaning of our saying "enter the state of ihram for Hajj" is that you add the Hajj to the 'Umrah, and it is not a cancellation of the 'Umrah. Because if it were a cancellation of the 'Umrah, the Hajj would be ifrad (performing Hajj alone). And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to 'A'ishah: Is that clear? So the author's saying "she entered the state of ihram for it" means she added it to the 'Umrah, and the meaning is not that she cancels the 'Umrah and then enters the state of ihram for Hajj, because that does not hold up. Okay.
The questioner : ... menstruation before the tawaf.
The Shaykh : Yes, before the tawaf, because if she menstruated after the tawaf, there is no issue. It is permissible for her to perform sa'y while she is menstruating. Is that clear? Okay, now let us clarify what contradicts this. This is a woman who entered the state of ihram for 'Umrah intending to combine it with Hajj, and she menstruated. She menstruated before she performed the tawaf around the Ka'bah, and she knows that she will not become pure until after the standing at 'Arafah has passed. What do we say to her? We say: Enter the state of ihram for Hajj, add the Hajj to the 'Umrah, in order for you to become one who combines the two. Another example: A woman entered the state of ihram for 'Umrah intending to combine it with Hajj, then she performed the tawaf, and after the tawaf she menstruated. Do we say she enters the state of ihram for Hajj? No, she cannot enter the state of ihram for Hajj. Now, if she has begun the tawaf of 'Umrah, she cannot enter the state of ihram for Hajj. It is not possible for her to enter the state of ihram for Hajj. But can she perform sa'y while she is menstruating?
The questioner : Yes
The Shaykh : How? Yes, she performs sa'y while she is menstruating, because purity is not a condition for sa'y. It is permissible for a person in a state of major ritual impurity to perform sa'y, and for a person in a state of minor ritual impurity to perform sa'y, but it is better for him to be in a state of purity, without doubt. All acts of worship are better when performed in a state of purity. But the sa'y is valid. So we say to her: Complete your 'Umrah. Okay, she completed the 'Umrah, and the time for Hajj arrived, and she is menstruating. Does she enter the state of ihram while she is menstruating?
The audience: Yes.
The Shaykh : She enters the state of ihram while she is menstruating. What is the evidence?
The audience: 'A'ishah.
The Shaykh : No, not 'A'ishah.
The audience: Asma'.
The Shaykh : Asma' bint Umayyis gave birth, so she sent to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asking: What should I do? He said:Sahih Muslim 1218a Is that clear? So the meaning of the author's saying "she menstruated and feared missing the Hajj" is that it is not possible to fear missing the Hajj unless her menstruation was before the tawaf. But if it was after the tawaf, nothing harms her. Okay, what do you say if she menstruated during the tawaf? And this happens to many women, glory be to Allah! Menstruation comes for reasons that may precede the usual causes, with ... and the crowding. She menstruated during the tawaf. Does she complete the tawaf and finish the 'Umrah, or does she exit the tawaf and enter the state of ihram for Hajj?
The audience: The second.
The Shaykh : The second, because it is not possible to complete the tawaf. Completing the tawaf is impossible since she menstruated during it. Okay, what if she had a minor ritual impurity during the tawaf? There are two opinions. The one who conditions purity for the tawaf says that her tawaf is invalid and she must perform wudu' and restart the tawaf. And the one who says that purity in the tawaf is not a condition, because there is no correct, explicit evidence for conditioning it, says she completes the tawaf and nothing is required of her. And this opinion is the correct one: that purity from minor ritual impurity is not a condition for it.
The questioner : Correct.
The Shaykh : Okay, we say to her: It is obligatory for her to enter the state of ihram for Hajj. It is obligatory, specifically, that she enter the state of ihram for Hajj so that she becomes one who combines the two. We said it is obligatory because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered 'A'ishah to do so when she menstruated at Sarif before entering Makkah, and the default ruling for a command is obligation. Also, because Hajj is obligatory immediately, so if she did not enter the state of ihram for it, she would miss the Hajj this year, since it is not possible for her to perform the tawaf and sa'y before the standing at 'Arafah. And because she began the 'Umrah for the sake of Hajj in reality; she did not proceed except for Hajj, because 'Umrah is valid at any time, and it is not possible to perform Hajj except by exiting the state of ihram of 'Umrah. Exiting the state of ihram of 'Umrah is impossible in this situation because she is menstruating, and a menstruating woman does not perform tawaf. So what remains for her is to enter the state of ihram for Hajj so that she becomes one who combines the two. Okay, and similar to this is the case of someone who encounters an obstacle after entering the state of ihram for 'Umrah. He encounters an obstacle that prevents him from reaching Makkah except after the time for the standing at 'Arafah has passed. We say to him: Enter the state of ihram while you are in the state of ihram for 'Umrah, intending to combine it with Hajj. We say to him: What? Enter the state of ihram for Hajj. The scenario of the case: He traveled from al-Madinah to Makkah and entered the state of ihram for 'Umrah, intending what? Intending to combine the 'Umrah with Hajj. On the way, the car broke down, and he knew that it could not be repaired except after the time for the standing at 'Arafah had passed, or in a time when he could not catch up to perform the 'Umrah before the standing at 'Arafah passed. What do we say to him? We say: Enter the state of ihram for Hajj, so that you become one who combines the two, because if you remained in your state of ihram for 'Umrah and did not arrive until the ninth day, there is a risk that you will miss the Hajj. So now, enter the state of ihram for what? For Hajj, so that you do not miss the Hajj. Is the scenario clear or not clear?
What remains for us is: Does our saying "he enters the state of ihram for Hajj" mean that he cancels the 'Umrah and then enters the state of ihram for Hajj, or that he adds the Hajj to the 'Umrah? The first or the second?
The audience: The second.
The Shaykh : The second. So the meaning of our saying "enter the state of ihram for Hajj" is that you add the Hajj to the 'Umrah, and it is not a cancellation of the 'Umrah. Because if it were a cancellation of the 'Umrah, the Hajj would be ifrad (performing Hajj alone). And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to 'A'ishah:
Your tawaf around the House, al-Safa, and al-Marwah suffices you for your Hajj and your 'Umrah.
طوافك بالبيت والصفا والمروة يسعك لحجة وعمرتكThe questioner : ... menstruation before the tawaf.
The Shaykh : Yes, before the tawaf, because if she menstruated after the tawaf, there is no issue. It is permissible for her to perform sa'y while she is menstruating. Is that clear? Okay, now let us clarify what contradicts this. This is a woman who entered the state of ihram for 'Umrah intending to combine it with Hajj, and she menstruated. She menstruated before she performed the tawaf around the Ka'bah, and she knows that she will not become pure until after the standing at 'Arafah has passed. What do we say to her? We say: Enter the state of ihram for Hajj, add the Hajj to the 'Umrah, in order for you to become one who combines the two. Another example: A woman entered the state of ihram for 'Umrah intending to combine it with Hajj, then she performed the tawaf, and after the tawaf she menstruated. Do we say she enters the state of ihram for Hajj? No, she cannot enter the state of ihram for Hajj. Now, if she has begun the tawaf of 'Umrah, she cannot enter the state of ihram for Hajj. It is not possible for her to enter the state of ihram for Hajj. But can she perform sa'y while she is menstruating?
The questioner : Yes
The Shaykh : How? Yes, she performs sa'y while she is menstruating, because purity is not a condition for sa'y. It is permissible for a person in a state of major ritual impurity to perform sa'y, and for a person in a state of minor ritual impurity to perform sa'y, but it is better for him to be in a state of purity, without doubt. All acts of worship are better when performed in a state of purity. But the sa'y is valid. So we say to her: Complete your 'Umrah. Okay, she completed the 'Umrah, and the time for Hajj arrived, and she is menstruating. Does she enter the state of ihram while she is menstruating?
The audience: Yes.
The Shaykh : She enters the state of ihram while she is menstruating. What is the evidence?
The audience: 'A'ishah.
The Shaykh : No, not 'A'ishah.
The audience: Asma'.
The Shaykh : Asma' bint Umayyis gave birth, so she sent to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asking: What should I do? He said:
Take a bath, bandage your private parts and put on Ihram
اغتسلي واستثفري بثوب وأحرميThe audience: The second.
The Shaykh : The second, because it is not possible to complete the tawaf. Completing the tawaf is impossible since she menstruated during it. Okay, what if she had a minor ritual impurity during the tawaf? There are two opinions. The one who conditions purity for the tawaf says that her tawaf is invalid and she must perform wudu' and restart the tawaf. And the one who says that purity in the tawaf is not a condition, because there is no correct, explicit evidence for conditioning it, says she completes the tawaf and nothing is required of her. And this opinion is the correct one: that purity from minor ritual impurity is not a condition for it.