His saying, the Exalted: “And whoever despairs of the mercy of his Lord, except the astray ones” — is the exception valid?
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Allah the Exalted says:[Al-Hijr 15:56] Is this correct?
The Shaykh :[Al-Hijr 15:56]
The student:.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Is “the astray ones” valid?
The Shaykh : And what do you say about it?[Al-Hijr 15:56] He asks: Is the exception valid here?
The student: A complete negative exception.
The Shaykh : A complete negative exception, is it?
The student: ... meaning that after the particle of exception, there is no negation or restriction, i.e., “No one despairs except the astray ones.”
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: It is incomplete because the term from which the exception is made was not mentioned.
The Shaykh : This is incomplete. How is it incomplete?[Al-Hijr 15:56] The term from which the exception is made was not mentioned. For this reason, we say “ila” (except) is a nullified particle of exception, and “the astray ones” is the subject. Now, if someone says that “ma” (no) did not precede it, we say that an interrogative preceded it with the meaning of negation, because “And whoever despairs of the mercy of his Lord, except the astray ones” is balanced with “No one despairs of the mercy of his Lord except the astray people.” Yes.
The student: The time is up.
The Shaykh : The time is up, my brothers.
The student: If the term from which the exception is made is not found.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: If the term from which the exception is made is not found?
The Shaykh : If the term from which the exception is made is not found, then what comes after “ila” (except) becomes the subject, or the object, or the genitive.
The student: No, Shaykh, the term from which the exception is made.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The term from which the exception is made.
The Shaykh : There is no term from which the exception is made, because “despairs” is a present tense verb, and “the astray ones” is the subject.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Has the opinion settled now that we take a new lesson?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, we ask Allah for success.
The reciter: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. And prayers and peace be upon Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “Chapter on ‘La’ (No). Know that ‘la’ puts indefinite nouns in the accusative case without tanween if it directly touches the indefinite noun and ‘la’ is not repeated, such as ‘There is no man in the house.’ If it does not directly touch it, then the nominative case is obligatory and the repetition of ‘la’ is obligatory, such as ‘There is no man in the house and no woman.’ If ‘la’ is repeated, it is permissible to make it operative or nullify it. If you wish, you can say: ‘There is no man in the house and no woman’ (accusative). And if you wish, you can say: ‘There is no man’ (nominative)”
The Shaykh : I have “There is no man in the house and no woman” in the accusative case. Okay, what we have is better.
The student: “There is no man in the house and no woman. And if you wish, you can say: ‘There is no man in the house and no woman’ (nominative)”
The student: Allah the Exalted says:
He said, "And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord except for those astray?"
قال ومن يقنط من رحمة ربه إلا الضالونThe Shaykh :
He said, "And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord
قال ومن يقنط من رحمة ربهThe student:
Except the lost ones
إلا الضالونThe Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Is “the astray ones” valid?
The Shaykh : And what do you say about it?
He said, "And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord except for those astray?"
قال ومن يقنط من رحمة ربه إلا الضالونThe student: A complete negative exception.
The Shaykh : A complete negative exception, is it?
The student: ... meaning that after the particle of exception, there is no negation or restriction, i.e., “No one despairs except the astray ones.”
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: It is incomplete because the term from which the exception is made was not mentioned.
The Shaykh : This is incomplete. How is it incomplete?
And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord
ومن يقنط من رحمة ربهExcept the lost ones
إلا الضالونThe student: The time is up.
The Shaykh : The time is up, my brothers.
The student: If the term from which the exception is made is not found.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: If the term from which the exception is made is not found?
The Shaykh : If the term from which the exception is made is not found, then what comes after “ila” (except) becomes the subject, or the object, or the genitive.
The student: No, Shaykh, the term from which the exception is made.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The term from which the exception is made.
The Shaykh : There is no term from which the exception is made, because “despairs” is a present tense verb, and “the astray ones” is the subject.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Has the opinion settled now that we take a new lesson?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, we ask Allah for success.
The reciter: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. And prayers and peace be upon Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “Chapter on ‘La’ (No). Know that ‘la’ puts indefinite nouns in the accusative case without tanween if it directly touches the indefinite noun and ‘la’ is not repeated, such as ‘There is no man in the house.’ If it does not directly touch it, then the nominative case is obligatory and the repetition of ‘la’ is obligatory, such as ‘There is no man in the house and no woman.’ If ‘la’ is repeated, it is permissible to make it operative or nullify it. If you wish, you can say: ‘There is no man in the house and no woman’ (accusative). And if you wish, you can say: ‘There is no man’ (nominative)”
The Shaykh : I have “There is no man in the house and no woman” in the accusative case. Okay, what we have is better.
The student: “There is no man in the house and no woman. And if you wish, you can say: ‘There is no man in the house and no woman’ (nominative)”