The Meaning of the Saying of Allah the Exalted: (Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death])
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Question:
You are asking about the interpretation of the saying of the Truthful One (Blessed and Exalted is He): I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Shaytan. [Al-Nisa: 97].
Answer:
The scholars mentioned that this noble verse was revealed concerning people who remained in Makkah and did not migrate with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When the Battle of Badr took place, the disbelievers forced them to go out with them, and they were present at the battle. The noble verse was revealed concerning them when those who were killed among them were killed. It is His saying (Exalted and Majestic is He):[An-Nisa 4:97] The meaning is: those who wronged themselves by residing among the polytheists, while they were able to migrate. [An-Nisa 4:97] Meaning: the angels said to them: What were you doing? [An-Nisa 4:97] Meaning: in the land of Makkah. [An-Nisa 4:97] Meaning: the angels said to them: [Al-Nisa: 97-98].
They are threatened with the Fire because they resided among the disbelievers without an excuse, and it was obligatory for them to migrate to the lands of Islam, to al-Madinah al-Munawwarah. When they were forced to go out and coerced, that did not become an excuse for them. Their action was the cause of this coercion and this going out, so this threat came upon them because they disobeyed Allah by residing [there] while having the ability to migrate. They did not become disbelievers because they were coerced; they were taken to the battlefield and did not fight, but they were killed. Those who were killed among them were killed. However, if they had fought while being willing, satisfied, and not coerced, they would have been disbelievers, because whoever supports the disbelievers and aids them becomes a disbeliever like them. But these people did not fight; rather, they were coerced to be present and to increase the numbers only, so they were killed without fighting.
Others among the scholars said: They became disbelievers by doing so, because they resided without an excuse, then went out with them. It was possible for them to escape and get out from among the disbelievers on the way, or when the two lines met. It was possible for them to throw down their weapons and not fight. In any case, they are between two things: whoever fights among them while not being coerced is a disbeliever, and his ruling is the ruling of the disbelievers who were killed, and he has no excuse regarding the original coercion. Because when he was coerced, he engaged in fighting and was satisfied with aiding the disbelievers, so he became with them and became like them, and he entered into the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Ma'idah: 51]. The scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) agreed that whoever supports the disbelievers against the Muslims and aids them with weapons or wealth becomes a disbeliever in Allah and an apostate from Islam.
As for the one who was coerced and did not fight, and did not agree to fighting the people of Islam, and did not approve of it, but was forced and coerced by force and restraint until he reached the battlefield, and did not fight, then he is a sinner by virtue of his original residence, and is threatened with the Fire for that, because he resided with them without an excuse.
For this reason, Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him) and a group of other scholars mentioned that residing among the disbelievers while one is unable to manifest his religion is forbidden by consensus. It is not permissible for a Muslim to reside among the disbelievers while he is able to migrate and is unable to manifest his religion, rather he is overpowered in his affair. Rather, it is obligatory for him to migrate by the consensus of the Muslims because of this noble verse, because Allah described them as having wronged themselves by this residence and threatened them with the Fire, which indicates that they had disobeyed Allah in this residence.
Migration has not ceased as long as there are two religions; migration remains. What ceased was migration from Makkah when it was conquered. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said regarding it:Sahih al-Bukhari 3899 Meaning: from Makkah, because it became a land of Islam after Allah conquered it for His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). It became a land of Islam, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said regarding it: Sahih al-Bukhari 3899 Meaning: from Makkah after its conquest. As for migration in its original sense, it remains. For this reason, in another hadith: Sunan Abi Dawud 2479Sahih (Al-Albani), so in every land where the disbelievers appear, and the Muslim is unable to manifest his religion or establish his religion in it, and he is able to leave, then he must migrate. If he resides, he is a sinner by consensus.
As for the weak among men, women, and children, Allah has excused them. They are those who cannot find a way out due to lack of financial means, or because they are bound and imprisoned, or because they do not know the way, because they are ignorant of the path and do not know the road. If they went out, they would perish. They do not know the way, so they are excused until Allah makes easy for them a way out and an exit from among the polytheists. And Allah is the One to be asked for help. Yes.
The presenter : Allah is the One to be sought for help. May Allah reward you with good.
You are asking about the interpretation of the saying of the Truthful One (Blessed and Exalted is He): I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Shaytan.
Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves - [the angels] will say, "In what [condition] were you?" They will say, "We were oppressed in the land." The angels will say, "Was not the earth of Allah spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?" For those, their refuge is Hell - and evil it is as a destination.
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلائِكَةُ ظَالِمِي أَنفُسِهِمْ قَالُوا فِيمَ كُنتُمْ قَالُوا كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِي الأَرْضِ قَالُوا أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةً فَتُهَاجِرُوا فِيهَا فَأُوْلَئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًاAnswer:
The scholars mentioned that this noble verse was revealed concerning people who remained in Makkah and did not migrate with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When the Battle of Badr took place, the disbelievers forced them to go out with them, and they were present at the battle. The noble verse was revealed concerning them when those who were killed among them were killed. It is His saying (Exalted and Majestic is He):
Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves
إن الذين توفاهم الملائكة ظالمي أنفسهمIn what [condition] were you?
قَالُوا فِيمَ كُنْتُمْThey will say, "We were oppressed in the land."
قَالُوا كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِWas not the earth of Allah spacious
قَالُوا أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةًWas not the earth of Allah spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?" For those, their refuge is Hell - and evil it is as a destination.
أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةً فَتُهَاجِرُوا فِيهَا فَأُوْلَئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا إِلَّا الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَThey are threatened with the Fire because they resided among the disbelievers without an excuse, and it was obligatory for them to migrate to the lands of Islam, to al-Madinah al-Munawwarah. When they were forced to go out and coerced, that did not become an excuse for them. Their action was the cause of this coercion and this going out, so this threat came upon them because they disobeyed Allah by residing [there] while having the ability to migrate. They did not become disbelievers because they were coerced; they were taken to the battlefield and did not fight, but they were killed. Those who were killed among them were killed. However, if they had fought while being willing, satisfied, and not coerced, they would have been disbelievers, because whoever supports the disbelievers and aids them becomes a disbeliever like them. But these people did not fight; rather, they were coerced to be present and to increase the numbers only, so they were killed without fighting.
Others among the scholars said: They became disbelievers by doing so, because they resided without an excuse, then went out with them. It was possible for them to escape and get out from among the disbelievers on the way, or when the two lines met. It was possible for them to throw down their weapons and not fight. In any case, they are between two things: whoever fights among them while not being coerced is a disbeliever, and his ruling is the ruling of the disbelievers who were killed, and he has no excuse regarding the original coercion. Because when he was coerced, he engaged in fighting and was satisfied with aiding the disbelievers, so he became with them and became like them, and he entered into the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And whoever is an ally to them among you - then indeed, he is [one] of them
وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْAs for the one who was coerced and did not fight, and did not agree to fighting the people of Islam, and did not approve of it, but was forced and coerced by force and restraint until he reached the battlefield, and did not fight, then he is a sinner by virtue of his original residence, and is threatened with the Fire for that, because he resided with them without an excuse.
For this reason, Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him) and a group of other scholars mentioned that residing among the disbelievers while one is unable to manifest his religion is forbidden by consensus. It is not permissible for a Muslim to reside among the disbelievers while he is able to migrate and is unable to manifest his religion, rather he is overpowered in his affair. Rather, it is obligatory for him to migrate by the consensus of the Muslims because of this noble verse, because Allah described them as having wronged themselves by this residence and threatened them with the Fire, which indicates that they had disobeyed Allah in this residence.
Migration has not ceased as long as there are two religions; migration remains. What ceased was migration from Makkah when it was conquered. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said regarding it:
Narrated Mujahid bin Jabir Al-Makki: `Abdullah bin `Umar used to say, "There is no more Hijrah (i.e. migration) after the Conquest of Mecca."
لا هجرة بعد الفتحNarrated Mujahid bin Jabir Al-Makki: `Abdullah bin `Umar used to say, "There is no more Hijrah (i.e. migration) after the Conquest of Mecca."
لا هجرة بعد الفتحMigration will not end until repentance ends
لا تنقطع الهجرة حتى تنقطع التوبةAs for the weak among men, women, and children, Allah has excused them. They are those who cannot find a way out due to lack of financial means, or because they are bound and imprisoned, or because they do not know the way, because they are ignorant of the path and do not know the road. If they went out, they would perish. They do not know the way, so they are excused until Allah makes easy for them a way out and an exit from among the polytheists. And Allah is the One to be asked for help. Yes.
The presenter : Allah is the One to be sought for help. May Allah reward you with good.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.