What is the ruling on the recitation of al-Fatihah by the ma'mum in the prayer of audibility?
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Question:
What is the ruling on reciting al-Fatihah in the prayer of audibility? I ask for a comprehensive answer; because the scholars have differed on this matter. Perhaps he means with regard to the ma'mum.
Answer:
The scholars have differed on the recitation of the ma'mum behind the imam in three opinions:
The first is: the obligation of recitation for the ma'mum, al-Fatihah absolutely, in the secret and the audible prayers.
The second is: the non-obligation absolutely, and this is the opinion of the majority.
And the third opinion is: the middle path, and that it is obligatory in the secret prayers but not in the audible ones.
And the stronger opinion is its obligation in all of them, but if he leaves it out due to ignorance, or due to ijtihad, and he holds the opinion of those who said that it is not obligatory; then there is no blame on him, or if he did not catch up with the imam: by coming when the imam was bowing; that suffices him for the excuse, as Abu Bakrah did, for he came when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was bowing, so he entered the row, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order him to repeat it, by making up the rak'ah. This is the strongest of the opinions; due to his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):Jami` at-Tirmidhi 247Sahih (Darussalam), and this is general, and his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): Sunan Abi Dawud 823Da'if (Al-Albani), we said: Yes, he said: Sunan Abi Dawud 823Da'if (Al-Albani), and this is explicit and covers the audible and the secret prayers, and it is a good hadith, narrated by Ahmad and a group of the people of the Sunan, and there is no harm in it.
This is the most just of the opinions: its obligation absolutely in the audible and the secret prayers, but that is not like its obligation for the imam and the one praying alone, no, but it is less than that, for this reason if he forgets it, or leaves it out due to taqlid or ijtihad, or if he did not catch up except the bowing; that suffices him, and its obligation is mitigated in his case, like the obligation of "Subhan Rabbi al-A'la" and "Subhan Rabbi al-Azim" in the bowing and prostration, "Rabbighfir li" between the two prostrations; it is dropped by forgetfulness.
What is the ruling on reciting al-Fatihah in the prayer of audibility? I ask for a comprehensive answer; because the scholars have differed on this matter. Perhaps he means with regard to the ma'mum.
Answer:
The scholars have differed on the recitation of the ma'mum behind the imam in three opinions:
The first is: the obligation of recitation for the ma'mum, al-Fatihah absolutely, in the secret and the audible prayers.
The second is: the non-obligation absolutely, and this is the opinion of the majority.
And the third opinion is: the middle path, and that it is obligatory in the secret prayers but not in the audible ones.
And the stronger opinion is its obligation in all of them, but if he leaves it out due to ignorance, or due to ijtihad, and he holds the opinion of those who said that it is not obligatory; then there is no blame on him, or if he did not catch up with the imam: by coming when the imam was bowing; that suffices him for the excuse, as Abu Bakrah did, for he came when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was bowing, so he entered the row, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order him to repeat it, by making up the rak'ah. This is the strongest of the opinions; due to his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
There is no Salat for the one who does not recite Fatihatil-Kitab.
لا صلاةَ لمن لم يقرأ بفاتحة الكتابPerhaps you recite behind your imam?
لعلكم تقرؤون خلف إمامكمDo not do so except when it is Fatihat al-Kitab, for he who does not recite it is not credited with having prayed.
لا تفعلوا إلا بفاتحة الكتاب، فإنَّه لا صلاةَ لمن لم يقرأ بهاThis is the most just of the opinions: its obligation absolutely in the audible and the secret prayers, but that is not like its obligation for the imam and the one praying alone, no, but it is less than that, for this reason if he forgets it, or leaves it out due to taqlid or ijtihad, or if he did not catch up except the bowing; that suffices him, and its obligation is mitigated in his case, like the obligation of "Subhan Rabbi al-A'la" and "Subhan Rabbi al-Azim" in the bowing and prostration, "Rabbighfir li" between the two prostrations; it is dropped by forgetfulness.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.