The Ruling on Zakat of Gold and Silver Prepared for Use and Adornment
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Question:
What is the ruling on the zakat of gold and silver that are in use, whether the silver is for men or the gold is for women?
Answer:
The correct view in this matter is that zakat is obligatory on gold and silver that are in use, according to a group of scholars.
The scholars differed on this: some held that there is no zakat on jewelry in use by women, and likewise by men, and that it is like camels in use and the like thereof; because it is no longer for growth, but rather for work and use, or the like, or that is the intention with it, even if it is not used. This is what a group of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them and grant them satisfaction) and a group of scholars said.
Others among the scholars, and it is narrated from a group of the Companions, held that zakat is necessary based on the general and specific evidence. Among the general evidence is his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):Sahih Muslim 987a along with the generality of the saying of the Exalted and Majestic: [At-Tawbah: 34]. It has been established by the evidence that the treasure (kanz) is any wealth whose zakat is not paid; it is a treasure, even if it is on the surface of the earth. Any wealth whose zakat is paid and whose right is fulfilled is not a treasure, even if it is under the earth.
There are also specific hadiths narrated in this chapter. Abu Dawud and al-Nasa'i narrated with a good chain from Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both): Its chain is acceptable, and it supports the general evidence and indicates what the general evidence indicates.
Likewise, what Umm Salama narrated that she said: O Messenger of Allah, ... gold ornaments. She said: O Messenger of Allah, is this a treasure? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her: He did not say that there is no zakat on jewelry. He said: This indicates that what is not zakked is a treasure in other evidence. This is the stronger position (rajih) (if Allah wills) and the closest: that there is zakat on jewelry if it reaches the nisab.
The nisab of gold is twenty mithqals. Its amount in the current Saudi riyal is eleven and three-sevenths of a riyal, meaning around half. If the gold she has reaches this amount, eleven and three-sevenths of a riyal of gold, she zakked it. What is less than this has nothing in it.
And silver is one hundred and forty mithqals. If she has silver reaching one hundred and forty mithqals, fifty-six riyals of silver; it is zakked. If it is less than this, it is nothing. It is obligatory to zakk this ... and what is above it. This is the explanation of the minimum: eleven and a half riyals, and fifty-six of silver. This is the minimum. What exceeds it is calculated accordingly to millions and thousands of millions.
Question: Do those who do not zakk based on the other view sin?
Answer: According to their ijtihad. If he is a student of knowledge and exerted effort, or followed some of the scholars, we hope that he does not sin.
What is the ruling on the zakat of gold and silver that are in use, whether the silver is for men or the gold is for women?
Answer:
The correct view in this matter is that zakat is obligatory on gold and silver that are in use, according to a group of scholars.
The scholars differed on this: some held that there is no zakat on jewelry in use by women, and likewise by men, and that it is like camels in use and the like thereof; because it is no longer for growth, but rather for work and use, or the like, or that is the intention with it, even if it is not used. This is what a group of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them and grant them satisfaction) and a group of scholars said.
Others among the scholars, and it is narrated from a group of the Companions, held that zakat is necessary based on the general and specific evidence. Among the general evidence is his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
If any owner of gold or silver does not pay what is due on him, when the Day of Resurrection would come, plates of fire would be beaten out for him; these would then be heated in the fire of Hell and his sides, his forehead and his back would be cauterized with them.
ما من صاحب ذهب، ولا فضة لا يؤدي زكاتها إلا إذا كان يوم القيامة صفحت له صفائح من نار، فيكوى بها جنبه، وجبينه، وظهرهAnd those who hoard gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah - give them tidings of a painful punishment.
وَالَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنْفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍThere are also specific hadiths narrated in this chapter. Abu Dawud and al-Nasa'i narrated with a good chain from Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both):
A woman entered upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and in her hand were two bracelets of gold, and in a narration: two armlets of gold. He said: Do you give this? She said: No. He said: Would it please you that Allah would adorn you with them on the Day of Resurrection with two armlets of fire? So she threw them down and said: They are for Allah and His Messenger.
أن امرأة دخلت على النبي ﷺ وفي يدها مسكتان من ذهب، وفي رواية: أسوارين من ذهب، فقال: أتعطين هذا؟ قالت: لا، قال: يسرك أن يسورك الله بهما يوم القيامة بسوارين من نار، فألقتهما قالت: هما لله ورسولهLikewise, what Umm Salama narrated that she said: O Messenger of Allah, ... gold ornaments. She said: O Messenger of Allah, is this a treasure? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her:
Whatever reaches the nisab, zakk it; then it is not a treasure.
ما بلغ يزكى، فزكي؛ فليس بكنزWhatever reaches the nisab, zakk it; then it is not a treasure.
ما بلغ يزكى، فزكي؛ فليس بكنزThe nisab of gold is twenty mithqals. Its amount in the current Saudi riyal is eleven and three-sevenths of a riyal, meaning around half. If the gold she has reaches this amount, eleven and three-sevenths of a riyal of gold, she zakked it. What is less than this has nothing in it.
And silver is one hundred and forty mithqals. If she has silver reaching one hundred and forty mithqals, fifty-six riyals of silver; it is zakked. If it is less than this, it is nothing. It is obligatory to zakk this ... and what is above it. This is the explanation of the minimum: eleven and a half riyals, and fifty-six of silver. This is the minimum. What exceeds it is calculated accordingly to millions and thousands of millions.
Question: Do those who do not zakk based on the other view sin?
Answer: According to their ijtihad. If he is a student of knowledge and exerted effort, or followed some of the scholars, we hope that he does not sin.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.