Ruling on Reciting the Qur'an with the Intention of Dedication to the Dead
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A brother of ours from Syria, whose name is Ghazwan al-Sawwaf, asks His Eminence Shaykh 'Abd al-'Aziz ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Baz to alert the people in the Muslim countries to the ruling on reciting the Qur'an for the dead. Is it permissible or not? And what is the ruling on the hadiths reported regarding this? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer: Reciting for the dead has no basis to rely upon and is not prescribed. What is prescribed is reciting among the living so that they may benefit, reflect upon the Book of Allah, and understand it. As for reciting for the deceased at his grave, or after his death before he is buried, or reciting in a distant place so that it is dedicated to him, we know no basis for this. The scholars have written extensively on this matter, and some of them have permitted dedicating the recitation of the Qur'an to the dead and reciting complete cycles for them.
Some scholars have said: These are matters of divine legislation. These are acts of worship, so it is not permissible to do anything in them except what the Shari'ah has approved. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih Muslim 1718b, and there is nothing in this chapter that we can be certain of due to the lack of evidence. We should remain with the original principle, which is that it is an act of worship based on divine legislation, and it is not done for the dead. This is unlike charity on their behalf, Hajj, 'Umrah, and paying off their debts. These are matters that benefit them, and the texts have come regarding them. It is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: Riyad as-Salihin 1383, and Allah the Exalted said: [al-Hashr:10], meaning: after the Companions [al-Hashr:10]. So these later generations prayed for those who came before them. This supplication benefits them. Likewise, charity benefits them. It is possible, instead of reciting or hiring someone to recite, to give in charity the money one intends to use for hiring, to the poor and those in need, with the intention of it being for this deceased person. He will benefit from this money and benefit from the charity. It is established in the authentic hadith that a man said: Sahih Muslim 1004d.
So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that charity on behalf of the deceased benefits him. Likewise, Hajj and 'Umrah on his behalf, and the hadiths have come regarding this with their chains. Likewise, paying off his debt benefits him. As for reciting the Qur'an for him, dedicating it to him, offering it to him, or praying for him, or fasting for him voluntarily, this has no basis. The correct view is that it is not prescribed. Yes.
Answer: Reciting for the dead has no basis to rely upon and is not prescribed. What is prescribed is reciting among the living so that they may benefit, reflect upon the Book of Allah, and understand it. As for reciting for the deceased at his grave, or after his death before he is buried, or reciting in a distant place so that it is dedicated to him, we know no basis for this. The scholars have written extensively on this matter, and some of them have permitted dedicating the recitation of the Qur'an to the dead and reciting complete cycles for them.
Some scholars have said: These are matters of divine legislation. These are acts of worship, so it is not permissible to do anything in them except what the Shari'ah has approved. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
He who did any act for which there is no sanction from our behalf, that is to be rejected.
من عمل عملاً ليس عليه أمرنا فهو ردWhen a man dies, his deeds come to an end except for three things: Sadaqah Jariyah (ceaseless charity); a knowledge which is beneficial, or a virtuous descendant who prays for him (for the deceased).
إذا مات ابن آدم انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث: صدقة جارية، أو علم ينتفع به، أو ولد صالح يدعو لهAnd those who came after them
وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْsaying, "Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith and put not in our hearts [any] resentment toward those who have believed. Our Lord, indeed You are Kind and Merciful."
يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالإِيمَانِ وَلا تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنَاا غِلًّا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌAllah's Messenger, my mother died all of a sudden without making any will. I think if (she could have the opportunity) to speak she would have made a Sadaqa. Would there be any reward for her if I give charity on her behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes.
يا رسول الله! إن أمي افتلتت نفسها ولم توص، وأظنها لو تكلمت تصدقت، أفلها أجر إن تصدقت عنها؟ قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: نعمSo the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that charity on behalf of the deceased benefits him. Likewise, Hajj and 'Umrah on his behalf, and the hadiths have come regarding this with their chains. Likewise, paying off his debt benefits him. As for reciting the Qur'an for him, dedicating it to him, offering it to him, or praying for him, or fasting for him voluntarily, this has no basis. The correct view is that it is not prescribed. Yes.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.
