Fasting and Hajj on behalf of the deceased who have debts
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The third question of Fatwa number ( 17006 )
Q3: Is it permissible to fast on behalf of the deceased who have debts, or not, and likewise for prayer and Hajj?
Volume 3: If a person dies with the obligatory Hajj still upon him, one should be given from his estate to perform Hajj on his behalf, because it is a debt owed to Allah that must be discharged. If he has no estate and one of his relatives or one of his Muslim brothers performs Hajj on his behalf, that benefits him and clears his conscience, provided that the proxy has first performed Hajj for himself. Likewise, if he had an obligatory fast
from Ramadan, or from a vow, and someone else fasted on his behalf, that suffices for him; based on the hadiths regarding performing Hajj and making up fasting for the deceased. From Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), he said:Mishkat al-Masabih 2529 It was narrated by Abu Dawud and others. And from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih Muslim 1147, narrated by al-Bukhariand Muslim and others. If no one is available to fast on his behalf, he should feed from the estate, for each day, half a sa' of the local staple food to some of the poor. As for prayer, it is not prayed on his behalf, neither obligatory nor voluntary, due to the lack of evidence for that. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and his Companions.
Q3: Is it permissible to fast on behalf of the deceased who have debts, or not, and likewise for prayer and Hajj?
Volume 3: If a person dies with the obligatory Hajj still upon him, one should be given from his estate to perform Hajj on his behalf, because it is a debt owed to Allah that must be discharged. If he has no estate and one of his relatives or one of his Muslim brothers performs Hajj on his behalf, that benefits him and clears his conscience, provided that the proxy has first performed Hajj for himself. Likewise, if he had an obligatory fast
from Ramadan, or from a vow, and someone else fasted on his behalf, that suffices for him; based on the hadiths regarding performing Hajj and making up fasting for the deceased. From Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), he said:
God's messenger heard a man say, “ Labbaik on behalf of Shubruma." He asked who Shubruma was, and the man replied, “A brother of mine," or “a relative of mine." He asked whether he had performed the pilgrimage on his own behalf, and when he replied that he had not, he said, “Perform the pilgrimage on your own behalf, then perform it on behalf of Shubruma."
إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سمع رجلاً يقول: لبيك عن شبرمة ، قال: ومن شبرمة، قال: أخ لي أو قريب لي، فقال: أحججت عن نفسك؟ قال: لا، قال: فحج عن نفسك ثم حج عن شبرمة'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: If anyone dies in a state (that he had to complete) some fasts, his heir must fast on his behalf.
من مات وعليه صيام صام عنه وليه
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.