Khushu' in Prayer
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Q37: Is khushu' a condition for the validity of the prayer?
A37: Khushu' is of two types: obligatory and recommended. The obligatory type is: tranquility in all the actions of the prayer until one completes them, which means that one's limbs settle and remain still to the extent of performing the obligatory dhikr. This is what is intended in the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Mu'minun 23:1-2], and it is what is intended in the hadith of the one who performed his prayer poorly. This tranquility is a pillar of the prayer without which it is not valid. The recommended type is: the tranquility in which the heart is present and one reflects upon the Qur'an and dhikr, and with which comes the care to complete the prayer and perform what is recommended in it of actions and words.
Q53: What is the sitting that the one who prays performs in the Fajr and Jumu'ah prayers in the final tashahhud?
Does he sit in the iftirash position or in the tawarruk position?
A53: Ifitarash in the tashahhud of the two-rak'ah prayer is a recommended practice (sunnah); whether it is Jumu'ah or otherwise, whether it is a complete obligatory prayer like Fajr or a shortened one like the four-rak'ah prayer performed as two while traveling, or whether it is a voluntary prayer, whether absolute or a regular voluntary prayer (rawatib). The description of iftarash is: that the man spreads his left foot and sits on it, and erects his right foot. This is indicated by the hadith of Wail ibn Hujr (may Allah be pleased with him):. It was narrated by Ahmad , Abu Dawud , al-Nasa'i , and al-Tirmidhi , who said: "A good, authentic hadith." And the hadith of Rifa'ah ibn Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Bedouin: . It was narrated by Imam Ahmad , and by the hadith of Abu Humayd (may Allah be pleased with him): . This hadith was narrated by al-Tirmidhi , who said: "Good, authentic, from the hadith of Abu Humayd ." Although these hadiths are general, the hadith of Abu Humayd al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding the description of the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) prayer qualifies this generality, as he distinguished between the sitting for tashahhud in the last rak'ah of the four-rak'ah prayer and the sitting for it in the second rak'ah. He mentioned tawarruk in the sitting of the fourth rak'ah, and iftarash
of the left foot and erecting the right foot in the sitting of the second rak'ah. The hadith of Abu Humayd al-Sa'idi explicitly states this; he said, and he was among a group of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him):Mishkat al-Masabih 792. It was narrated by al-Bukhari , and in a narration from him narrated by the five except al-Nasa'i , which al-Tirmidhi authenticated: Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 2:372. They said: "You have spoken the truth; this is how the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed." This indicates tawarruk in the sitting for tashahhud in the fourth rak'ah. The third rak'ah of Maghrib is on the same ruling. All other sitting is as determined by the texts: iftarash of the left foot, sitting on it, and erecting the right foot. This applies equally to the sitting in the second rak'ah for tashahhud in the two-rak'ah prayer, the middle tashahhud in the three- and four-rak'ah prayers, and between the two prostrations, or in any two-rak'ah prayer, whether obligatory or voluntary.
A37: Khushu' is of two types: obligatory and recommended. The obligatory type is: tranquility in all the actions of the prayer until one completes them, which means that one's limbs settle and remain still to the extent of performing the obligatory dhikr. This is what is intended in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
(1) Certainly will the believers have succeeded: (2) They who are during their prayer humbly submissive
قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ (1) الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلاَتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَQ53: What is the sitting that the one who prays performs in the Fajr and Jumu'ah prayers in the final tashahhud?
Does he sit in the iftirash position or in the tawarruk position?
A53: Ifitarash in the tashahhud of the two-rak'ah prayer is a recommended practice (sunnah); whether it is Jumu'ah or otherwise, whether it is a complete obligatory prayer like Fajr or a shortened one like the four-rak'ah prayer performed as two while traveling, or whether it is a voluntary prayer, whether absolute or a regular voluntary prayer (rawatib). The description of iftarash is: that the man spreads his left foot and sits on it, and erects his right foot. This is indicated by the hadith of Wail ibn Hujr (may Allah be pleased with him):
He saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) praying, so he prostrated, then sat and spread his left foot
أنه رأى النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - يصلي فسجد ثم قعد فافترش رجله اليسرىWhen you prostrate, settle your prostration, and when you sit, sit on your left foot
إذا سجدت فمكن لسجودك فإذا جلست فاجلس على رجلك اليسرىThat the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sat—meaning for the tashahhud—and spread his left foot and turned the fronts of his right toes toward the qiblah
أن رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - جلس - يعني : للتشهد - وافترش رجله اليسرى وأقبل بصدور اليمنى على قبلتهof the left foot and erecting the right foot in the sitting of the second rak'ah. The hadith of Abu Humayd al-Sa'idi explicitly states this; he said, and he was among a group of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him):
I am the one among you who is best versed in the way God’s Messenger prayed. I saw that when he uttered the takbir he placed his hands opposite his shoulders; when he bowed he rested his hands on his knees, then bent his back; when he raised his head he stood erect with his spine straight; when he prostrated himself he placed his arms so that they were not spread out, and the fingers were not drawn in, and the points of his toes were facing the qibla ; when he sat up at the end of two rak'as he sat on his left foot and raised the right; and when he sat up after the last rak'a he put forward the left foot, raised the other, and sat on his hips.
كنت أحفظكم لصلاة رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - ، رأيته إذا كبر جعل يديه حذاء منكبيه ، وإذا ركع أمكن يديه من ركبتيه ثم هصر ظهره ، فإذا رفع رأسه استوى حتى يعود كل فقار مكانه ، فإذا سجد وضع يديه غير مفترش ولا قابضهما ، واستقبل بأطراف أصابع رجليه القبلة ، فإذا كان في الركعتين جلس على رجله اليسرى ونصب اليمنى ، فإذا جلس في الركعة الأخيرة قدم رجله اليسرى ونصب الأخرى وقعد على مقعدتهUntil when it was the rak'ah in which the prayer ends, he brought his left foot forward and sat on his side in tawarruk, then said taslim
حتى إذا كانت الركعة التي تنقضي فيها الصلاة أخر رجله اليسرى وقعد على شقه متوركًا ، ثم سلم
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.