The ruling on one who eats or drinks during the day of Ramadan while forgetting or being ignorant
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The ruling on one who eats or drinks during the day of Ramadan while forgetting or being ignorant
In this issue, we address several matters, for example: If a person eats when he hears the voice of the mu'adhdhin, and the mu'adhdhin usually calls to prayer when the sun has set, but then it turns out that the mu'adhdhin made a mistake and the sun had not set, is he required to make up the fast?
He is not required to; he owes no make-up fast. However, if he sees the sun, he must abstain. Even what is in his mouth, he must spit it out. But what happened before he knew, he owes nothing for it.The evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surat al-Baqarah: 286], and this is a mistake, but it was not intentional.So Allah the Exalted said in the noble verses: I have done so. Also, the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) in the time of their Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) broke their fast on a cloudy day, thinking that the sun had set. Then the sun appeared, and the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) did not tell them to make up a day in its place. If making up the fast had been obligatory, he would have ordered them to do so. And if he had ordered them to do so, it would have been transmitted to us; because if he ordered it, it would be part of the Shari'ah, and nothing can be left out of the Shari'ah. It must be transmitted.
Another man forgot that he was fasting, so he ate or drank. What do we say to him? Does he owe a make-up fast? He owes no make-up fast. But if he remembers, he must stop immediately, as it is obligatory.The evidence that he owes no make-up fast is: [Surat al-Baqarah: 286] And this, my brothers, is a verse from the Book of Allah, not something said by so-and-so. Then there is a verse that Allah the Exalted approved, which is a supplication from the believers, but Allah approved it and granted them their supplication.He said: I have done so. And there is a hadith in this very issue.The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (Whoever forgets while fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast, for it is Allah who has fed him and given him drink) So it was not attributed to him, but rather to Allah; because it was unintentional.
So, everyone who eats or drinks while fasting, whether out of forgetfulness or ignorance, owes nothing, by virtue of the verse.And by his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): (Whoever forgets while fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast, for it is Allah who has fed him and given him drink) This is the case of forgetfulness.Ignorance: Asma' bint Abi Bakr says, and the hadith is in Sahih al-Bukhari: (We broke our fast on a cloudy day in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and then the sun appeared) And this is an explicit text.
So we take this rule: Whoever does any of the things that break the fast, whether out of forgetfulness or ignorance, his fast is valid, no matter what. Even if a man, for example, was with his family and thought that the dawn had not appeared, so he had intercourse with his wife, and then it turned out that the dawn had appeared, he owes nothing: no make-up fast, no expiation, and no sin. This is what pertains to fasting.
In this issue, we address several matters, for example: If a person eats when he hears the voice of the mu'adhdhin, and the mu'adhdhin usually calls to prayer when the sun has set, but then it turns out that the mu'adhdhin made a mistake and the sun had not set, is he required to make up the fast?
He is not required to; he owes no make-up fast. However, if he sees the sun, he must abstain. Even what is in his mouth, he must spit it out. But what happened before he knew, he owes nothing for it.The evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.
رَبَّنَا لا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَاAnother man forgot that he was fasting, so he ate or drank. What do we say to him? Does he owe a make-up fast? He owes no make-up fast. But if he remembers, he must stop immediately, as it is obligatory.The evidence that he owes no make-up fast is:
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.
رَبَّنَا لا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَاSo, everyone who eats or drinks while fasting, whether out of forgetfulness or ignorance, owes nothing, by virtue of the verse.And by his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): (Whoever forgets while fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast, for it is Allah who has fed him and given him drink) This is the case of forgetfulness.Ignorance: Asma' bint Abi Bakr says, and the hadith is in Sahih al-Bukhari: (We broke our fast on a cloudy day in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and then the sun appeared) And this is an explicit text.
So we take this rule: Whoever does any of the things that break the fast, whether out of forgetfulness or ignorance, his fast is valid, no matter what. Even if a man, for example, was with his family and thought that the dawn had not appeared, so he had intercourse with his wife, and then it turned out that the dawn had appeared, he owes nothing: no make-up fast, no expiation, and no sin. This is what pertains to fasting.