I would like to inquire from your program about the position of a fasting person who breaks his fast intentionally. If the fasting person breaks his fast intentionally and does not find a slave to free, and does not have the strength to fast
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The questioner : This is a question from a listener to the program who used the code letters 'A A J' for his name from Iraq. He says in this long question: I would like to inquire from your program about the position of a fasting person who breaks his fast intentionally. If the fasting person breaks his fast intentionally and does not find a slave to free, and does not have the strength to fast for two consecutive months, and he is a young man at the beginning of his life with no personal income to feed sixty poor people from, what should he do? Is seeking forgiveness permissible in such a situation? Can a person pledge to Allah to feed sixty poor people when he has a personal income and gets a job? What is the ruling for this young man if he dies before getting a job and before feeding the sixty poor people? Can a person take from his father's money to act in such a situation? May Allah reward you with good?
The Shaykh : This questioner did not clarify in his question whether he broke his fast with what necessitates an expiation or with something else. That is because breaking the fast intentionally in Ramadan is forbidden and a sin against Allah (Mighty and Majestic). It is obligatory for whoever does that, meaning whoever breaks his fast during the day in Ramadan, to repent to Allah and to make up the day he broke his fast.
As for the expiation, if the breaking of the fast was by sexual intercourse, he owes the expiation. If it was by something other than intercourse, such as eating or drinking, or ejaculating semen with desire, or something similar to these things that break the fast, then he does not owe an expiation. This is because the expiation is only obligatory for intercourse during the day in Ramadan for one who is obligated to fast. We must be attentive to these conditions: it is only obligatory for intercourse during the day in Ramadan for one who is obligated to fast. As for if a person has intercourse while fasting for an expiation or while making up Ramadan, which is what happens after the month, he sins by breaking the obligatory and mandatory, but he does not owe an expiation, even if it was by intercourse. Likewise, if he was traveling during Ramadan with his wife and they were both fasting, and he had intercourse with her while traveling, then he does not owe an expiation and does not sin; he only owes to make up the fast, because it is permissible for the traveler to break his fast, even during the day.
In any case, we say to this questioner: if his breaking of the fast in Ramadan was not by intercourse, he only owes to make up the fast and repent. If his breaking of the fast in Ramadan was by intercourse, he owes to make up the fast, repent, and pay the expiation. The expiation is freeing a slave; if he does not find one, then fasting for two consecutive months; if he cannot do that, then feeding sixty poor people; if he does not find that, then he owes nothing. The evidence for this is what is established in the two Sahihs and others from the hadith of Abu Hurayrah This indicates the obligation of the expiation for intercourse during the day in Ramadan for one who is obligated to fast, and that it is in order: freeing a slave, if he does not find one, then fasting for two consecutive months, if he cannot do that, then feeding sixty poor people, if he does not find that, it is dropped, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not clarify to him that it remained in his debt, and because the general rule in the Islamic Shari'ah is that obligations are dropped due to inability to fulfill them, and the expiation is among the obligations. So if he is unable to fulfill it at the time it becomes obligatory, it is dropped from him.
Based on this, we say: if this questioner, or this one who had intercourse with his wife, dies and he was unable to do any of the expiation items mentioned, then he owes nothing and does not sin, because the obligation was dropped from him due to his inability to fulfill it at the time it became obligatory. Yes.
The questioner : May Allah bless you.
The Shaykh : This questioner did not clarify in his question whether he broke his fast with what necessitates an expiation or with something else. That is because breaking the fast intentionally in Ramadan is forbidden and a sin against Allah (Mighty and Majestic). It is obligatory for whoever does that, meaning whoever breaks his fast during the day in Ramadan, to repent to Allah and to make up the day he broke his fast.
As for the expiation, if the breaking of the fast was by sexual intercourse, he owes the expiation. If it was by something other than intercourse, such as eating or drinking, or ejaculating semen with desire, or something similar to these things that break the fast, then he does not owe an expiation. This is because the expiation is only obligatory for intercourse during the day in Ramadan for one who is obligated to fast. We must be attentive to these conditions: it is only obligatory for intercourse during the day in Ramadan for one who is obligated to fast. As for if a person has intercourse while fasting for an expiation or while making up Ramadan, which is what happens after the month, he sins by breaking the obligatory and mandatory, but he does not owe an expiation, even if it was by intercourse. Likewise, if he was traveling during Ramadan with his wife and they were both fasting, and he had intercourse with her while traveling, then he does not owe an expiation and does not sin; he only owes to make up the fast, because it is permissible for the traveler to break his fast, even during the day.
In any case, we say to this questioner: if his breaking of the fast in Ramadan was not by intercourse, he only owes to make up the fast and repent. If his breaking of the fast in Ramadan was by intercourse, he owes to make up the fast, repent, and pay the expiation. The expiation is freeing a slave; if he does not find one, then fasting for two consecutive months; if he cannot do that, then feeding sixty poor people; if he does not find that, then he owes nothing. The evidence for this is what is established in the two Sahihs and others from the hadith of Abu Hurayrah
A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, I am ruined. He said: What has ruined you? He said: I had intercourse with my wife in Ramadan while I was fasting. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him: Do you find a slave to free? He said: No. He said: Can you fast for two consecutive months? He said: No. He said: Can you feed sixty poor people? He said: No. Then the man sat down, and dates were brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said to him: Take this and give it in charity. He said: To someone poorer than me, O Messenger of Allah? By Allah, there is no household between its two banks poorer than mine. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed, then said: Feed your family.
أن رجلا جاء إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال يا رسول الله هلكت قال ما أهلكك قال وقعت على امرأتي في رمضان وأنا صائم فسأله النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم هل يجد رقبة فقال لا فقال هل تستطيع أن تصوم شهرين متتابعين فقال لا فقال هل تستطيع أن تُطعم ستين مسكينا فقال لا ثم جلس الرجل فجيء بتمر إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خذ هذا فتصدّق به فقال أعلى أفقر مني يا رسول الله فوالله ما بين لابتيها أهل بيت أفقر مني فضحك النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ثم قال أطعمه أهلكBased on this, we say: if this questioner, or this one who had intercourse with his wife, dies and he was unable to do any of the expiation items mentioned, then he owes nothing and does not sin, because the obligation was dropped from him due to his inability to fulfill it at the time it became obligatory. Yes.
The questioner : May Allah bless you.