What is the ruling on swearing by trust, such as saying: "By the trust of Allah, tell me the truth," or "By the trust upon you, say so-and-so"?
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The questioner : There is a remaining question: what is the ruling on swearing by trust? I mean, for example, saying to someone, "By the trust of Allah, tell me the truth," or "By the trust upon you, say so-and-so"?
The Shaykh : Yes. Swearing by trust is forbidden because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saidRiyad as-Salihin 1711 This is minor shirk (associating partners with Allah), unless the one swearing believes that the thing by which he swears is in the position of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) in terms of glorification and worship, or something similar to that, in which case it becomes major shirk.
As for the pledge and the covenant, and what is similar to that, this is not an oath. For example, if one says, "By my pledge, I will certainly fulfill this and that for you," this means "by my covenant," because the pledge means the covenant, as came in the hadith meaning your covenant.
And those who say, "By my pledge, I will certainly do this and that," I do not think they intend to swear by the pledge, but rather they intend "by my covenant" and "my commitment." And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saidSahih al-Bukhari 1 But since the wording is ambiguous and could be an oath, it is better to avoid it and not for a person to say, "By my pledge, I will fulfill this for you and give you so-and-so." Rather, let him say, "I have a covenant or pledge upon me to fulfill this for you at such-and-such a time." Yes.
The questioner : May Allah reward you, O honorable one.
The Shaykh : Yes. Swearing by trust is forbidden because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said
He who swears by anyone or anything other than Allah, has indeed committed an act of Kufr or Shirk
من حلف بغير الله فقد كفر أو أشركAs for the pledge and the covenant, and what is similar to that, this is not an oath. For example, if one says, "By my pledge, I will certainly fulfill this and that for you," this means "by my covenant," because the pledge means the covenant, as came in the hadith
If you besiege the people of a fortress and they wish to make for you the trust of Allah and the trust of His Prophet, do not make for them the trust of Allah and the trust of His Prophet, but make for them your trust and the trust of your companions.
إذا حاصرت أهل حصن فأرادوا أن تجعل لهم ذمة الله وذمة نبيّه فلا تجعل لهم ذمة الله وذمة نبيّه ولكن اجعل لهم ذمتك وذمة أصحابكAnd those who say, "By my pledge, I will certainly do this and that," I do not think they intend to swear by the pledge, but rather they intend "by my covenant" and "my commitment." And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said
The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended.
إنما الأعمال بالنيات وإنما لكل امرئ ما نوىThe questioner : May Allah reward you, O honorable one.