There is no regular voluntary prayer (rawatib) before the Friday prayer, but there is one after it.

The Shaykh : And this is also among the characteristics of this great prayer: that it has no regular voluntary prayer (rawatib) before it. What is meant by a rawatib before it? Why? Because when the mu'adhdhin calls the adhan, the khatib is present and will begin the khutbah. Performing voluntary prayer after the khutbah is forbidden. Performing voluntary prayer after the khutbah is forbidden. Even if one did it, he would be sinful, and the prayer would not be accepted, except for the one who enters while the khatib is delivering the khutbah; he does not sit until he prays two rak'ahs, as established in the authentic hadith from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that a man entered on Friday while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering the khutbah, so he sat down, and the Prophet said: Do you know? Therefore, it has no sunnah before it. Does the Dhuhr have a sunnah before it? Yes. Does it have a sunnah before it? How many taslims, or two taslims? Two taslims. May Allah reward you. Does the Friday prayer have a regular sunnah before it? Four rak'ahs with two taslims. Dhuhr, yes, Dhuhr has a regular sunnah before it: four rak'ahs with two taslims. As for Friday, it has no regular sunnah before it. But whoever comes before the second adhan, let him perform voluntary prayer as much as he wishes, without a limit. Does it have a regular sunnah after it? Yes, it has a regular sunnah after it. It is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he prayed two rak'ahs after it in his house, and he said: So we now have a verbal sunnah and a practical sunnah. How much is the verbal one? Four rak'ahs. Correct. And the practical one is two rak'ahs. Well done. How do we combine them? Do we take the practical sunnah, or the verbal sunnah, or do we take both, or do we distinguish? How many possibilities are there now? How many possibilities? Four. Do we take the verbal sunnah and say the sunnah of Friday is four rak'ahs, or the practical sunnah and say the sunnah of Friday is two rak'ahs, or do we combine them so the sunnah is six rak'ahs, or do we distinguish? I will mention the distinction to you, if Allah wills. So how many possibilities are there now? Four. Some scholars said: The sunnah is two rak'ahs in the house, because this is the action of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Allah the Exalted said: And some people said: The sunnah is four, whether prayed in the house or in the mosque, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): And his saying takes precedence over his action in case of conflict. And some said: The precaution is... what is the precaution? My brothers, the precaution... you don't know the precaution.
The student: The precaution is obligatory.

The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: One must take precaution; it is obligatory.

The Shaykh : Yes, and what is the precaution? The precaution is to perform both the verbal and practical sunnah, so one prays six rak'ahs. As for Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him), he distinguished and said: "If he prays in his house, the sunnah is only two rak'ahs" because the Messenger did not exceed two rak'ahs in his house. "And if he prays four, it is in the mosque" This is a distinction that is fine. A distinction that is fine. So, does Friday differ from Dhuhr in that it has no regular sunnah before it, and its regular sunnah after it is two rak'ahs if prayed in the house, and four if prayed in the mosque? Yes.