The Obligation of Performing Ablution Before Prayer
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The Shaykh : Among them is that it is necessary to perform wudu' or ghusl; wudu' if one has a minor state of ritual impurity, and ghusl if one has a major state of ritual impurity. This is based on the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Ma'idah 5:6] up to His saying: [Al-Ma'idah 5:6] and the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Jami` at-Tirmidhi 76Sahih (Darussalam) So, if a person forgets to perform wudu', meaning he has a state of ritual impurity, then he stands and prays while forgetting that he has a state of ritual impurity until he performs wudu', what is the ruling on the prayer? The ruling on the prayer is that it is not valid, because a condition of its validity has been missed. So we tell him to repeat the prayer, even if you were forgetting that you had a state of ritual impurity. This is because purity from the state of ritual impurity is a condition for the validity of the prayer; it is a positive condition, so it must be fulfilled. Another example: What do you say about a man who had a wet dream at night and did not become aware of it until after the 'Asr prayer, so he prayed Fajr, Zuhr, and 'Asr? What do you say about these three prayers?
The student: He performs ghusl and repeats them.
The Shaykh : He performs ghusl and repeats them. Good, correct. Why? Rest. Why, everyone? Because he prayed without purity, and Allah does not accept prayer without purity, ever. Now, if he sees a trace of major ritual impurity but does not know whether it is from the recent night or the distant night, let him attribute it to the recent night, because that is the last sleep he slept, and what came before it is doubtful, and the original state is purity. Based on this, if you find a trace of major ritual impurity on your garment and you do not know whether it is from the night sleep or the nap, meaning the late morning, attribute it to the sleep of what?
The student: The late morning.
The Shaykh : The nap, because it is certain.
O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْAnd if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves
وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ جُنُبًا فَاطَّهَّرُواdoes not accept the prayer of one of you when he commits Hadath, until he performs Wudu
لا يقبل صلاة أحدكم إذا أحدث حتى يتوضأThe student: He performs ghusl and repeats them.
The Shaykh : He performs ghusl and repeats them. Good, correct. Why? Rest. Why, everyone? Because he prayed without purity, and Allah does not accept prayer without purity, ever. Now, if he sees a trace of major ritual impurity but does not know whether it is from the recent night or the distant night, let him attribute it to the recent night, because that is the last sleep he slept, and what came before it is doubtful, and the original state is purity. Based on this, if you find a trace of major ritual impurity on your garment and you do not know whether it is from the night sleep or the nap, meaning the late morning, attribute it to the sleep of what?
The student: The late morning.
The Shaykh : The nap, because it is certain.