Explaining the grammatical parsing of this verse: "And He is the one who is God in the heavens and God in the earth."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : And here is a brief pause regarding the grammatical parsing of this verse [Az-Zukhruf 43:84] Who among you has knowledge of the sciences of Sibawayhi or al-Kisa'i so that you can parse this sentence for us?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh :[Az-Zukhruf 43:84] And oh, people, Sibawayhi is not Arab, and he has knowledge that you do not have, while you are Arabs and you do not know _ [Az-Zukhruf 43:84]. Its parsing is... I just want the parsing, please go ahead.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : I understand this meaning, but we want the parsing. Please go ahead. Rest, may Allah reward you with good, stand up.
The student: The waw is according to what comes before it.
The Shaykh : The waw is according to what comes before it.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : "He" is a demonstrative pronoun. I say: That is not so. Rest.
The student: The waw is a conjunction.
The Shaykh : Yes, according to what comes before it is better than a conjunction, because it may be introductory.
The student: "He": a pronoun, "who": a name for the pronoun.
The Shaykh : A pronoun of what? A nominative pronoun? An accusative pronoun? A genitive pronoun? Attached? Detached? Rest, how did you succeed in the Arabic language?
The student: I do, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : We do not accept anyone who comes after, okay people, let's go. Let's go, Muhammad...
The student: The waw is according to what comes before it.
The Shaykh : The waw is according to what comes before it.
The student: "And He": a detached pronoun in the position of nominative.
The Shaykh : A pronoun of what? Nominative? Accusative? Genitive?
The student: Nominative.
The Shaykh : A nominative pronoun.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Detached.
The student: Detached. Yes. In the position of nominative subject.
The Shaykh : Built on kasrah?
The student: No, no. It is in the position of nominative...
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : In the position of?
The student: Nominative.
The Shaykh : Okay. Subject. Okay. Fine.
The student: "And He who is in the heavens." "In" is a preposition.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And "the heavens" is a noun in the genitive case.
The Shaykh : "And He who"
The student: "Who": a relative pronoun, built; "who" is built on sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes. "In"?
The student: "In": a preposition.
The Shaykh : No, no, in the position of.
The student: In the position of in the position of nominative.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: An apposition.
The Shaykh : An apposition of what?
The student: Of the subject.
The Shaykh : He?
The student: "He" yes.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "In the heavens."
The Shaykh : Is there no better parsing than this?
The student: A better parsing than this?
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed.
The student: It is possible that there is
The Shaykh : It is possible, give it to us.
The student: It is possible that it means a second subject.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: In the position of nominative, a second subject.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Because it is permissible for the subject to be plural, okay.
The Shaykh : There is no third parsing.
The student: By Allah. This is what I have now.
The Shaykh : It cannot be the predicate of the subject.
The student: The sentence has not ended.
The Shaykh : It has not ended because the relative pronoun only needs a relative clause.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : So there are three possibilities.
The student: Praise be to Allah.
The Shaykh : Let's go.
The student: "In the heavens." "In": a preposition.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Built, all particles are built.
The Shaykh : Okay, built on what?
The student: On sukun.
The Shaykh : In the position of?
The student: "In the heavens."
The Shaykh : There is, there is.
The student: It has no position.
The Shaykh : Why does it have no position?
The student: It has no position.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Particles have a position.
The Shaykh : Because particles do not have a position. Fine.
The student: "The heavens" is a noun in the genitive case, and the sign of its genitive is the visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay.
The student: And the preposition and the genitive noun are connected to... leave it for later.
The Shaykh : No, we do not leave it for later, why? Go on, let's go on.
The student: "In the heavens" is connected to an omitted word, estimated to be "existing."
The Shaykh : "And He who is existing in the heavens."
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : And "God"?
The student: "God," "God" is the predicate.
The Shaykh : The predicate of what?
The student: The predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student:[Az-Zukhruf 43:84] Yes.
The Shaykh : It is not possible to have a second parsing where "in the heavens" is connected to "God."
The student: Yes, meaning the estimation?
The Shaykh : "And He who is God in the heavens."
The student: "God."
The Shaykh : "In the heavens." Okay.
The student: It becomes... the predicate.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: Meaning it is connected to the predicate, and "God"...
The Shaykh : I do not know.
The student: Except yes, meaning it becomes the predicate of "God"...
The Shaykh : "God" is the predicate, and "in the heavens" we can make it connected to "God."
The student: Connected to "God."
The Shaykh : Okay. And "in the earth God."
The student: "In the earth" is a preposition and a genitive noun.
The Shaykh : The waw and "in the earth."
The student: The waw is a conjunction.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "In the earth" is a preposition and a genitive noun. "The earth" is in the genitive case by kasrah, connected to the same thing to which the previous one is connected.
The Shaykh : Or to "God"?
The student: Yes, meaning to "God."
The Shaykh : Okay, "God."
The student: "God" is the predicate.
The Shaykh : The predicate of what! Did you not say the waw is a conjunction?
The student: Yes, it is correctly conjoined.
The Shaykh : Conjoined to what?
The student: Conjoined to the first "God."
The Shaykh : The meaning?
The student: The meaning is that He is the one worshipped in the heavens and the one worshipped in the earth.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Meaning the one who is worshipped in the heavens and the one who is worshipped in the earth.
The Shaykh : "And He who is in the heavens God and in the earth another God," meaning another God?
The student: No. It means the God in the heavens and in the earth.
The Shaykh : Okay. Rest, in any case, this parsing means it went on crutches, praise be to Allah.
The student: Praise be to Allah.
The Shaykh : "In the earth God," they say that "God" must be the predicate of an omitted subject, the estimation being "and in the earth He is God," because if you made "in the earth" a preposition and genitive noun and a preceding predicate and "God" a delayed subject, the meaning would be greatly corrupted; the meaning would be "and in the earth another God," so it is necessary to make "God" the predicate of an omitted subject, meaning: "and in the earth He is God."
And it is Allah who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity
وهو الذي في السماء إله وفي الأرض إلهThe student: ... .
The Shaykh :
And it is Allah who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity
وهو الذي في السماء إله وفي الأرض إلهAnd it is Allah who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity
وهو الذي في السماء إله وفي الأرض إلهThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : I understand this meaning, but we want the parsing. Please go ahead. Rest, may Allah reward you with good, stand up.
The student: The waw is according to what comes before it.
The Shaykh : The waw is according to what comes before it.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : "He" is a demonstrative pronoun. I say: That is not so. Rest.
The student: The waw is a conjunction.
The Shaykh : Yes, according to what comes before it is better than a conjunction, because it may be introductory.
The student: "He": a pronoun, "who": a name for the pronoun.
The Shaykh : A pronoun of what? A nominative pronoun? An accusative pronoun? A genitive pronoun? Attached? Detached? Rest, how did you succeed in the Arabic language?
The student: I do, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : We do not accept anyone who comes after, okay people, let's go. Let's go, Muhammad...
The student: The waw is according to what comes before it.
The Shaykh : The waw is according to what comes before it.
The student: "And He": a detached pronoun in the position of nominative.
The Shaykh : A pronoun of what? Nominative? Accusative? Genitive?
The student: Nominative.
The Shaykh : A nominative pronoun.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Detached.
The student: Detached. Yes. In the position of nominative subject.
The Shaykh : Built on kasrah?
The student: No, no. It is in the position of nominative...
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: Built on fathah.
The Shaykh : In the position of?
The student: Nominative.
The Shaykh : Okay. Subject. Okay. Fine.
The student: "And He who is in the heavens." "In" is a preposition.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And "the heavens" is a noun in the genitive case.
The Shaykh : "And He who"
The student: "Who": a relative pronoun, built; "who" is built on sukun.
The Shaykh : Yes. "In"?
The student: "In": a preposition.
The Shaykh : No, no, in the position of.
The student: In the position of
And He is the one
وهو الذيThe Shaykh : Very well.
The student: An apposition.
The Shaykh : An apposition of what?
The student: Of the subject.
The Shaykh : He?
The student: "He" yes.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "In the heavens."
The Shaykh : Is there no better parsing than this?
The student: A better parsing than this?
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed.
The student: It is possible that there is
The Shaykh : It is possible, give it to us.
The student: It is possible that it means a second subject.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: In the position of nominative, a second subject.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Because it is permissible for the subject to be plural, okay.
The Shaykh : There is no third parsing.
The student: By Allah. This is what I have now.
The Shaykh : It cannot be the predicate of the subject.
The student: The sentence has not ended.
The Shaykh : It has not ended because the relative pronoun only needs a relative clause.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : So there are three possibilities.
The student: Praise be to Allah.
The Shaykh : Let's go.
The student: "In the heavens." "In": a preposition.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Built, all particles are built.
The Shaykh : Okay, built on what?
The student: On sukun.
The Shaykh : In the position of?
The student: "In the heavens."
The Shaykh : There is, there is.
The student: It has no position.
The Shaykh : Why does it have no position?
The student: It has no position.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Particles have a position.
The Shaykh : Because particles do not have a position. Fine.
The student: "The heavens" is a noun in the genitive case, and the sign of its genitive is the visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay.
The student: And the preposition and the genitive noun are connected to... leave it for later.
The Shaykh : No, we do not leave it for later, why? Go on, let's go on.
The student: "In the heavens" is connected to an omitted word, estimated to be "existing."
The Shaykh : "And He who is existing in the heavens."
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : And "God"?
The student: "God," "God" is the predicate.
The Shaykh : The predicate of what?
The student: The predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student:
And it is Allah who is [the only] deity in the
وهو الذي في السماء إلهThe Shaykh : It is not possible to have a second parsing where "in the heavens" is connected to "God."
The student: Yes, meaning the estimation?
The Shaykh : "And He who is God in the heavens."
The student: "God."
The Shaykh : "In the heavens." Okay.
The student: It becomes... the predicate.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: Meaning it is connected to the predicate, and "God"...
The Shaykh : I do not know.
The student: Except yes, meaning it becomes the predicate of "God"...
The Shaykh : "God" is the predicate, and "in the heavens" we can make it connected to "God."
The student: Connected to "God."
The Shaykh : Okay. And "in the earth God."
The student: "In the earth" is a preposition and a genitive noun.
The Shaykh : The waw and "in the earth."
The student: The waw is a conjunction.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "In the earth" is a preposition and a genitive noun. "The earth" is in the genitive case by kasrah, connected to the same thing to which the previous one is connected.
The Shaykh : Or to "God"?
The student: Yes, meaning to "God."
The Shaykh : Okay, "God."
The student: "God" is the predicate.
The Shaykh : The predicate of what! Did you not say the waw is a conjunction?
The student: Yes, it is correctly conjoined.
The Shaykh : Conjoined to what?
The student: Conjoined to the first "God."
The Shaykh : The meaning?
The student: The meaning is that He is the one worshipped in the heavens and the one worshipped in the earth.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Meaning the one who is worshipped in the heavens and the one who is worshipped in the earth.
The Shaykh : "And He who is in the heavens God and in the earth another God," meaning another God?
The student: No. It means the God in the heavens and in the earth.
The Shaykh : Okay. Rest, in any case, this parsing means it went on crutches, praise be to Allah.
The student: Praise be to Allah.
The Shaykh : "In the earth God," they say that "God" must be the predicate of an omitted subject, the estimation being "and in the earth He is God," because if you made "in the earth" a preposition and genitive noun and a preceding predicate and "God" a delayed subject, the meaning would be greatly corrupted; the meaning would be "and in the earth another God," so it is necessary to make "God" the predicate of an omitted subject, meaning: "and in the earth He is God."