A woman whose menstruation coincided with 'Ashura: Does she make up the fast? And is there a rule regarding which voluntary acts are made up and which are not?
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The questioner : If a woman's menstruation coincides with 'Ashura, does she make up the fast? And is there a rule for what is made up of voluntary acts and what is not? May Allah reward you with good.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The answer to this question is that voluntary acts are of two types:
One type has a specific cause, and the other has no cause. The one with a cause is lost when the cause is missed and is not made up. An example of this is the greeting of the mosque. If a man comes in and sits, and his sitting becomes prolonged, and then he wants to perform the greeting of the mosque, it is no longer a greeting of the mosque, because it is a prayer tied to a specific cause. If the cause is missed, the prescription is lost.
Similarly, as it appears to me, are the Day of 'Arafah and the Day of 'Ashura. If a person delays fasting on the Day of 'Arafah and the Day of 'Ashura without an excuse, there is no doubt that he does not make it up and does not benefit from it if he does make it up; that is, he does not benefit from it as the Day of 'Arafah or the Day of 'Ashura. However, if a person is excused, such as a menstruating woman, for example, or a woman with post-natal bleeding, or a sick person, it also appears that he does not make it up, because this is specific to a particular day, and its ruling is lost when that day is missed. Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The answer to this question is that voluntary acts are of two types:
One type has a specific cause, and the other has no cause. The one with a cause is lost when the cause is missed and is not made up. An example of this is the greeting of the mosque. If a man comes in and sits, and his sitting becomes prolonged, and then he wants to perform the greeting of the mosque, it is no longer a greeting of the mosque, because it is a prayer tied to a specific cause. If the cause is missed, the prescription is lost.
Similarly, as it appears to me, are the Day of 'Arafah and the Day of 'Ashura. If a person delays fasting on the Day of 'Arafah and the Day of 'Ashura without an excuse, there is no doubt that he does not make it up and does not benefit from it if he does make it up; that is, he does not benefit from it as the Day of 'Arafah or the Day of 'Ashura. However, if a person is excused, such as a menstruating woman, for example, or a woman with post-natal bleeding, or a sick person, it also appears that he does not make it up, because this is specific to a particular day, and its ruling is lost when that day is missed. Yes.