Fatawa of the Makkah Haram-1421-01a

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The reciter: It was narrated from Sahl ibn Sa'd al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him)

The Shaykh : Away, away.
The reciter: From Sahl ibn Sa'd.

The Shaykh : Sahl
The reciter: From Sahl ibn Sa'd

The Shaykh : From Sahl ibn Sa'd.
The reciter: It was narrated from Sahl ibn Sa'd al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him)

that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messenger of Allah! I have given myself to you." She stood for a long time, and then a man

أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم جاءته امرأة فقالت إني وهبت نفسي لك فقامت طويلاً فقال رجل

Muwatta Malik 28:8

.

The Shaykh : What? What? I have offered myself to you
The reader:

and offered herself to him. When she had stood for a long time

فقالت إني وهبت نفسي لك فقامت طويلاً

Mishkat al-Masabih 3202

The Shaykh : Ah
The reciter: She stood for a long time.

The Shaykh : Yes
The reader:

and then a man got up and said, "Messenger of Allah, marry her to me if you have no need of her." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do you have anything to give her as a

فقام رجل يا رسول الله زوجنيها إن لم يكن لك بها حاجة. فقال هل عندك من شيء تصَدِّقها

Muwatta Malik 28:8

The Shaykh : give her as a gift
The reciter:

give her as a gift. He said, "I have nothing except this garment of mine." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "If you give her your garment, you will sit without a garment. Look for something else." He said, "I find nothing." He said, "Look for even an iron ring." He looked but found nothing. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Do you have anything of the Qur'an?" He said, "Yes." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "I have married her to you on the condition that you teach her what you have of the Qur'an"

تصدقها فقال ما عندي إلا إزاري هذا ، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : إن أعطيتها إزارك جلسْت ولا إزار لك فالتمس غير هذا ، قال : ما أجد ، قال : فالتمس ولو خاتماً من حديد. فالتمس فلم يجد شيئاً فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : هل معك شيء من القرآن؟ قال : نعم ، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : زوجتكها بما معك من القرآن

.

The Shaykh : This hadith is among the rare ones. Sahl ibn Sa'd al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him) said that a woman came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, "I have offered myself to you as a gift, free of charge, without a bridal gift." But the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not reject her.

She stood for a long time. Then a man came and said, "O Messenger of Allah, marry me to her if you have no need of her." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) asked him, "Do you have anything to give her as a gift?" He said, "I have my garment." He had nothing but the garment, and he was not wearing a cloak. He said, "If you give her your garment, you will have no garment, and if you keep it for yourself, she will have no bridal gift. Look, look for a bridal gift." He looked but found nothing. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to him, "Look for even an iron ring, even an iron ring." He said, "I find nothing." He looked but found nothing. He said, "Do you have anything of the Qur'an?" He said, "Yes." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him, "I have married her to you on the condition that you teach her what you have of the Qur'an"

فقامت طويلا. ثم جاء رجل فقال يا رسول الله زوجنيها إن لم يكن بها حاجة. فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم : هل معك شيء تصدقها ؟ قال : معي إزاري. ليس معه إلا الإزار فقط وليس عليه رداء. قال إزارك إن أعطيتها إياه لم يكن لك إزار وإن أبقيته لك لم يكن لها صداق التمس التمس مهرا. فالتمس فلم يجد فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم التمس ولو خاتما من حديد ولو خاتما من حديد. قال لا أجد التمس ولم يجد. قال معك شيء من القرآن قال نعم فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : زوجتكها بما معك من القرآن

.
Meaning, the knowledge you possess, which serves as her bridal gift. So the man accepted and married her with a bridal gift consisting of teaching her the Qur'an.
In this hadith, there is evidence for several benefits, among which is:
The permissibility of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) marrying by gift without a bridal gift, but this is specific to him. The evidence for this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:

and a believing woman if she gives herself to the Prophet [and] if the Prophet wishes to marry her, [this is] only for you, excluding the [other] believers

وامرأة مؤمنة إن وهبت نفسها للنبي إن أراد النبي أن يستنكحها خالصة لك من دون المؤمنين

[Al-Ahzab 33:50]

. If a man were to offer his daughter to a man without a bridal gift, the marriage contract would not be valid. Some scholars said, "The marriage is valid, and she is entitled to the equivalent bridal gift", and this is the position of most jurists: that the marriage is valid and she is entitled to the equivalent bridal gift if he marries her without a bridal gift. The correct view is that if he marries her without a bridal gift, the marriage is not valid; it is invalid and must be renewed, and the woman should be given whatever is feasible. The evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted in Surat al-Nisa:

And lawful to you are [all others] beyond these, [provided] that you seek them [in marriage] with [gifts from] your property

وأحل لكم ما وراء ذلكم أن تبتغوا بأموالكم

[An-Nisa 4:24]

, meaning not free of charge. The correct ruling is that if a man says to someone, "I have married my daughter to you without a bridal gift," the marriage is not valid. The solution to this problem is to renew the contract and set a bridal gift, even if it is small, based on the saying of Allah the Exalted:

And lawful to you are [all others] beyond these, [provided] that you seek them [in marriage] with [gifts from] your property

وأحل لكم ما وراء ذلكم أن تبتغوا بأموالكم

[An-Nisa 4:24]

, and he did not seek to do so with his wealth.

Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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