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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: “We said: ‘Descend from it, all of you. Then, whoever follows My guidance, there will be no fear upon them, nor will they be grieved.’”

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
Then Allah (Mighty and Majestic) said:
We said, "Go down from it, all of you. قلنا اهبطوا منها جميعا
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
Descendاهبطوا
The waw indicates the plural. Is the intended meaning the plural, or is it the dual, based on the fact that the minimum number for the plural is two? The scholars differ on whether the minimum number for the plural is two or three. Those who say the minimum is two state that the intended meaning here is Adam and Eve only. Those who say the minimum is three state that it is Adam, Eve, and Iblis, because Iblis, although he was not in Paradise, came out of it when he refused to prostrate to Adam, but he was around it whispering to them and speaking to them. So it was said to all of them:
Go down from it, all of youاهبطوا منها جميعا
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
Is there in the Qur'an "descend" with an alif? Yes, there is "descend" (dual form), and this supports that the pronoun here, the waw, indicates only two.
Descend from Paradise - allاهبطا منها جميعا
[Taha 20:123]
meaning the two, and it is a state (hal) from the waw in
Descendاهبطوا
.
And when guidance comes to you from Meفإما يأتينكم مني هدى
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
"If" (Ima) is originally "In" (if) with "ma" (what), so "In" is conditional and "ma" is extra for emphasis, and
Comes to you.يأتينكم
is also a verb emphasized with the nun of emphasis. Therefore, it was not in the jazm (subjunctive) state but was built on what? Why? Because it is connected to the nun of emphasis in both wording and meaning.
And when guidance comes to you from Me, whoever follows فإما يأتينكم مني هدى فمن تبع
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
Good.
And when guidance comes to you from Meفإما يأتينكم مني هدى
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
meaning knowledge, and that is through the revelation that Allah the Exalted reveals to His prophets and messengers.
Then, whoever follows. فمن تبع
The fa here is a connector for the answer, the answer to the condition, because the sentence after the fa is the answer to the condition. Is the sentence after the fa here nominal or verbal? It is nominal. And His saying:
Then, whoever follows.فمن تبع
"Man" (whoever) is conditional and
Follows.تبع
is the verb of the condition. The fa in His saying:
There will be no fear.فلا خوف
is a connector for the answer as well, and "la" is a negator, and "khawf" (fear) is the subject. Look, you will take the conditions now. The sentence
whoever follows My guidance - there will be no fear فمن تبع هداي فلا خوف
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
is the answer to "In" in His saying:
Then, whoever follows.فإما يأتينكم
And the sentence:
no fear فلا خوف
is the answer to:
whoever followsفمن تبع
And when guidance comes to you from Me, whoever follows My guidanceفإما يأتينكم مني هدى فمن تبع هداي
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
meaning they took it, believing in His news and complying with His rulings. Allah attributed it to Himself because He is the One who revealed it (Mighty and Majestic) and commanded His servants to follow it.
there will be no fear concerning themفلا خوف عليهم
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
regarding what is to come.
nor will they grieve.ولا هم يحزنون
[Al-Baqarah 2:38]
regarding what has passed. Rather, they are at the peak of tranquility. There is no fear upon them regarding what is to come, because they are safe, and they are not grieved regarding what has passed, because they have taken advantage of it and performed righteous deeds in it.
Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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