What is the grammatical analysis (i'rab) of "You two (masculine) hit the student, and you (feminine) hit the female student"?
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The questioner : May Allah guide you and protect you, O honorable Shaykh. I have a question regarding grammatical analysis: What is the i'rab of: "You two (masculine) hit the student, or you (feminine) hit the female student"?
The Shaykh : Regarding grammatical analysis, the scholars of grammar say: In the phrase "You two (masculine) hit the student", the word "anta" (you) is a detached pronoun, built on sukun (stillness), in the position of a raised subject (mubtada'). The letter "ta" is a letter of address, and the "mim" and "alif" are the markers of dual number.
"Zarabta" (you hit) is a verb and a doer. "Zaraba" (hit) is a past tense verb, built on sukun because it is connected to the "ta" of the subject. The "mim" and "alif" are the markers of dual number. "Al-talib" (the student) is the object of the verb, in the accusative case (mansub), and its marker of accusative is the visible fathah at its end. As for "You (feminine) hit the female student", we say: "Antunna" (you) is a detached pronoun, built on sukun, in the position of a raised subject. The letter "ta" is a letter of address, and the "nun" is the marker of the plural of women. "Zarabna" (you hit) is a verb and a doer. "Zaraba" (hit) is a past tense verb, built on sukun because it is connected to the "ta" of the doer.
The "ta" is a connected pronoun, built on dammah, in the position of a raised subject. The "nun" is the marker of the plural of women. "Al-talibah" (the female student) is the object of the verb, in the accusative case, and its marker of accusative is the visible fathah at its end. Yes.
The Shaykh : Regarding grammatical analysis, the scholars of grammar say: In the phrase "You two (masculine) hit the student", the word "anta" (you) is a detached pronoun, built on sukun (stillness), in the position of a raised subject (mubtada'). The letter "ta" is a letter of address, and the "mim" and "alif" are the markers of dual number.
"Zarabta" (you hit) is a verb and a doer. "Zaraba" (hit) is a past tense verb, built on sukun because it is connected to the "ta" of the subject. The "mim" and "alif" are the markers of dual number. "Al-talib" (the student) is the object of the verb, in the accusative case (mansub), and its marker of accusative is the visible fathah at its end. As for "You (feminine) hit the female student", we say: "Antunna" (you) is a detached pronoun, built on sukun, in the position of a raised subject. The letter "ta" is a letter of address, and the "nun" is the marker of the plural of women. "Zarabna" (you hit) is a verb and a doer. "Zaraba" (hit) is a past tense verb, built on sukun because it is connected to the "ta" of the doer.
The "ta" is a connected pronoun, built on dammah, in the position of a raised subject. The "nun" is the marker of the plural of women. "Al-talibah" (the female student) is the object of the verb, in the accusative case, and its marker of accusative is the visible fathah at its end. Yes.