A discussion regarding the verse: ((The believers do not take the disbelievers as awliya (close friends of Allah) instead of the believers...)).
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed. Allah the Exalted said: [Ali 'Imran 3:28]
The Shaykh : Is the "la" here a negation or a prohibition?
The student: It is a negation.
The Shaykh : A negation? What is the evidence?
The student: The evidence of the jussive mood.
The Shaykh : You changed the jussive to sukun (stillness). That is incorrect.
The student: The meeting of two still letters.
The Shaykh : Incorrect.
The student: It is in the jussive mood due to the meeting of two still letters.
The Shaykh : Incorrect.
The student: It was moved with a kasrah (short vowel).
The Shaykh : It was moved with a kasrah due to the meeting of two still letters. If we say it was moved with a kasrah, it means this kasrah is not a kasrah of inflection; it is a substitute for the sukun. However, it was moved only phonetically to facilitate the transition from a moving letter to a still letter, because the transition from a still letter to a still letter is...
The student: And you substituted its meaning...?
The Shaykh : No, no, because substitution means it took its place in reality and in ruling. Its ruling is sukun, but it was only moved.
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:[Ali 'Imran 3:28] What put "awliya" in the accusative case? Abd al-Rahman ibn Dawud?
The student: It is the second object of "taqwa" (piety).
The Shaykh : Yes, very well.
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:[Ali 'Imran 3:28] What does it mean?
The student: Other than the believers.
The Shaykh : And I think we have not finished yet?
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:[Ali 'Imran 3:28] What is its meaning, Mهند? What is the meaning of the sentence [Ali 'Imran 3:28]?
The Shaykh : What necessitated the use of the "fa" in the phrase:? Khalid?
The student: The use of "fa" for the answer to the condition.
The Shaykh : Is the use of "fa" for the answer to the condition obligatory?
The Shaykh : Does that mean it is permissible to omit the "fa"? Fahd?
The student: It is not a nominal sentence.
The Shaykh : Yes, Adel?
The student: It means it begins with a static verb and "idha" (when). Do you have a witness or a heard statement regarding that?
The student: It is a nominal sentence of request, with a static verb, with "ma" (not), with "qad" (already), with "lan" (certainly not), and with execution.
The Shaykh : Okay, which of the seven types is this?
The student: Static.
The Shaykh : Static is not static.
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:[Ali 'Imran 3:28] What is the meaning of His saying: ? Ya Salem?
The student: Except that you say something by which you ward off their evil.
The Shaykh : Is the exception here disjointed or connected?
The student: Disjointed.
The Shaykh : Disjointed, yes, correct. That means, but if you feared them with a fear like that of one compelled to disbelief, where he disbelieves but his heart is at peace with faith, then that is nothing; it does not harm him.
Let not believers take disbelievers as allies rather than believers
لا يتخذ المؤمنون الكافرين أولياء من دون المؤمنينThe Shaykh : Is the "la" here a negation or a prohibition?
The student: It is a negation.
The Shaykh : A negation? What is the evidence?
The student: The evidence of the jussive mood.
The Shaykh : You changed the jussive to sukun (stillness). That is incorrect.
The student: The meeting of two still letters.
The Shaykh : Incorrect.
The student: It is in the jussive mood due to the meeting of two still letters.
The Shaykh : Incorrect.
The student: It was moved with a kasrah (short vowel).
The Shaykh : It was moved with a kasrah due to the meeting of two still letters. If we say it was moved with a kasrah, it means this kasrah is not a kasrah of inflection; it is a substitute for the sukun. However, it was moved only phonetically to facilitate the transition from a moving letter to a still letter, because the transition from a still letter to a still letter is...
The student: And you substituted its meaning...?
The Shaykh : No, no, because substitution means it took its place in reality and in ruling. Its ruling is sukun, but it was only moved.
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:
as allies rather than believers
أولياء من دون المؤمنينThe student: It is the second object of "taqwa" (piety).
The Shaykh : Yes, very well.
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:
rather than believers
من دون المؤمنينinstead of
من دونThe student: Other than the believers.
The Shaykh : And I think we have not finished yet?
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:
And whoever [of you] does that has nothing with Allah
ومن يفعل ذلك فليس من الله في شيءAnd whoever [of you] does that has nothing with Allah
ومن يفعل ذلك فليس من الله في شيءThe Shaykh : What necessitated the use of the "fa" in the phrase:
he is not
فليسThe student: The use of "fa" for the answer to the condition.
The Shaykh : Is the use of "fa" for the answer to the condition obligatory?
The Shaykh : Does that mean it is permissible to omit the "fa"? Fahd?
The student: It is not a nominal sentence.
The Shaykh : Yes, Adel?
The student: It means it begins with a static verb and "idha" (when). Do you have a witness or a heard statement regarding that?
The student: It is a nominal sentence of request, with a static verb, with "ma" (not), with "qad" (already), with "lan" (certainly not), and with execution.
The Shaykh : Okay, which of the seven types is this?
The student: Static.
The Shaykh : Static is not static.
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:
except when taking precaution against them in prudence
إلا أن تتقوا منهم تقاةyou ward off with a fear
تتقوا تقاةThe student: Except that you say something by which you ward off their evil.
The Shaykh : Is the exception here disjointed or connected?
The student: Disjointed.
The Shaykh : Disjointed, yes, correct. That means, but if you feared them with a fear like that of one compelled to disbelief, where he disbelieves but his heart is at peace with faith, then that is nothing; it does not harm him.