Discussion on the Hal (Circumstantial Accusative)
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The Shaykh : The Hal, we see the discussion, brother! What is the Hal?
The student: The Hal is: the accusative noun that comes to clarify the states.
The Shaykh : What? The accusative noun that explains?
The student: The ambiguous of the states.
The Shaykh : When it is ambiguous, ambiguous means hidden, from the states, okay, if someone said to you: Is it not linguistically permissible to say: Zayd came to me laughing? And we make "laughing" a Hal?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : A Hal?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : And why?
The student: Because the Hal is accusative, and here it would be nominative.
The Shaykh : That is a verb!!
The student: Because a verb cannot be a Hal.
The Shaykh : Okay, so what is not a Hal?
The student: It is not a Hal.
Another student: A verb is not a Hal, but rather the verbal sentence.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: So we say: The verbal sentence is in the position of accusative as a Hal.
The Shaykh : Yes, okay, did you understand the answer? I told you: that the verb comes in the position of the Hal, but not the verb itself, but the sentence is in the position of accusative as a Hal, for this reason the brother Abdullah parses it, I parsed: Zayd came laughing.
The student: Came: past tense verb built on fathah.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Zayd: subject.
The Shaykh : Subject, okay.
The student: Zayd came.
The Shaykh : Nominative subject or accusative?
The student: The subject is nominative.
The Shaykh : Yes, nominative and its sign of nominative?
The student: The dammah.
The Shaykh : Okay, laughing?
The student: A state (hal).
The Shaykh : Parse it first?
The student: Laughing.
The Shaykh : Here, a verb, is it a verb?
The student: Yes, a verb.
The Shaykh : Okay, say: It is a verb.
The student: Laughing: verb.
The Shaykh : Past or present or future?
The student: Past tense verb nominative!
The Shaykh : Past tense verb nominative! No, that is not right.
The student: A present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Be patient.
The student: Laughing: present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Nominative and its sign of nominative is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Where is the subject of laughing?
The student: The subject?
The Shaykh : Mmm
The student: Laughing.
The Shaykh : And what is laughing? Subject, subject of came.
The student: A hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : Hidden pronoun, obligatory or permissible?
The student: As an obligation.
The Shaykh : Obligatory, or permissible?
The student: As an obligation.
The Shaykh : And what is the sign for the obligatory hidden and the permissible hidden? What was its estimation?
The student: Permissibly, if it comes as "he".
The Shaykh : And "she".
The student: And "she", permissibly.
The Shaykh : And the one with us laughing?
The student: He.
The Shaykh : So permissibly?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, and the sentence?
The student: In the position of accusative as a Hal.
The Shaykh : In the position of accusative as a Hal, complete, okay brother what is your name?
The student: Abdullah.
The Shaykh : Come on Abdullah, I rode the horse saddled.
The student: Parse it?
The Shaykh : Parse it.
The student: Rode: verb and subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Rode: past tense verb built on sukun due to its connection to the moving nominative pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the taa: the taa of the subject, and the taa: a hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : Hidden?!
The student: A pronoun, I say: and the taa: a connected pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Built on dammah in the position of nominative as a subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the horse: object in the accusative case marked by the visible fathah on its end, saddled is a Hal in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : From whom is the Hal?
The student: A Hal from the horse.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: A Hal from the horse in the accusative case by fathah.
The Shaykh : As a Hal, accusative as a Hal.
The student: Accusative as a Hal.
The Shaykh : And the sign of its accusative case is?
The student: And its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay, but when it is specified by a description it is permissible for it to be a Hal, for this reason we did not mention it now because the issue is an abbreviation, yes, define the Hal in the terminology of grammarians?
The student: Me?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The Hal is the accusative noun that clarifies.
The Shaykh : That explains.
The student: That explains.
The Shaykh : Here, for what?
The student: For what came before it.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: The accusative noun that explains what is ambiguous of the states.
The Shaykh : Of the states, okay what does ambiguous mean?
The student: It means it was unknown and not known.
The Shaykh : Hidden and not known, okay, does it have a rule? Abdul Malik.
The student: The Hal?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: That it is always accusative.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: That its possessor cannot be anything but a definite noun.
Another student: That it serves as an answer to "how".
The Shaykh : That it serves as an answer to "how", it is suitable to serve as an answer to "how", this is the rule, yes explain this to us with an example.
The student: For example I say: I saw the Shaykh sitting.
The Shaykh : No, this is not a Hal, because if sitting!
The student: Zayd rode, Zayd came riding.
The Shaykh : Zayd came riding, meaning you say: How did Zayd come?
The student: Riding.
The Shaykh : So the answer?
The student: Riding.
The Shaykh : Okay, he says: Is it possible for the Hal to be a definite noun?
The student: The Hal cannot be a definite noun.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The Hal cannot be a definite noun, it cannot be anything but an indefinite noun.
The Shaykh : It cannot be anything but an indefinite noun, okay, how do we answer the Arabs' saying: Zayd came alone?
The student: They said: that "came alone" means "came single".
The Shaykh : Interpreted?
The student: Single.
The Shaykh : Came single, complete, okay, the author says: that the Hal cannot be anything but after the completion of the speech, what does this mean?
The student: It means the Hal does not come except after the speech is completed, meaning he says: Zayd came, the speech is completed, and sitting or walking or riding, as for saying: Zayd riding, the speech is not completed, the speech has not been completed.
The Shaykh : So it is not a Hal?
The student: So it is not.
The Shaykh : Okay correct brothers? Meaning it is not except after the completion of the sentence, Zayd came the sentence is completed, you say: riding, Zayd is coming riding correct or not? Zayd is coming riding is correct?
The student: It is correct.
The Shaykh : It is correct, because it is after the completion of the sentence, but if I said: Zayd riding, it is not correct because it is before the completion of the sentence, okay, is the possessor of the Hal a definite noun? Hamad.
The student: It is not except a definite noun.
The Shaykh : It is not except a definite noun? Or it is not a definite noun?
The student: It is not except a definite noun.
The Shaykh : It does not come as an indefinite noun?
The student: It does not come.
The Shaykh : It does not come correct so it is not except a definite noun, except that they said: that an indefinite noun when described is permissible for a Hal to come from it, as he says: A man came riding laughing, it is permissible, and it is permissible A man came riding laughing, it is permissible, but if you make it accusative as a Hal there is no harm, okay let us take the parsing now, in turn, on whom?
The student: We did not start.
The Shaykh : We did not start, okay, we start from the first, I drank the milk hot.
The student: With me?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Drank: verb and subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Drank: past tense verb built on sukun due to its connection to the moving nominative pronoun, the taa: subject nominative by dammah.
The Shaykh : A connected pronoun.
The student: A connected pronoun built, in the position of nominative as a subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The milk: object.
Another student: And the taa?
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The taa: in the position of nominative as a subject?
The Shaykh : Yes correct, yes.
The student: The milk: object in the accusative case, the milk hot, hot: a Hal.
The Shaykh : Object in the accusative case and its sign of accusative?
The student: The visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The milk hot.
The Shaykh : Hot.
The student: Hot a Hal.
The Shaykh : A Hal from whom?
The student: A Hal from the milk.
The Shaykh : Or from the taa?
The student: From the milk.
The Shaykh : From the milk?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, moving on.
The student: A Hal in the accusative case by the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Accusative as a Hal and its sign of accusative?
The student: The visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay, I drank water cold.
The student: Drank:
The Shaykh : Is the example correct?
The student: No it is not correct.
The Shaykh : Pay attention.
The student: I drank water cold?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Water an indefinite noun.
The Shaykh : Yes, and cold.
The student: Cold! It is not a Hal.
The Shaykh : Yes, but is it a Hal, so it is suitable for cold to be a description, okay okay parse it?
The student: Drank: past tense verb built on sukun due to its connection to the moving nominative pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the taa: a connected nominative pronoun built on dammah in the position of nominative as a subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Water: object.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Accusative and its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Cold: a description for water, accusative and its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay, correct, I saw your father sitting in the mosque for example.
The student: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings and bestow favor upon His servant and our Prophet Muhammad and upon his family and all his Companions
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: " The Chapter of Tamyiz (Specification)
Tamyiz: is the accusative noun that explains what is ambiguous of the entities, such as your saying: Zayd sweated profusely, and Bakr burst with fat, and Muhammad was pleased in spirit, and I bought twenty boys, and I owned ninety ewes, and Zayd is more honorable than you in father, and more beautiful than you in face, and it is not except an indefinite noun, and it is not except after the completion of the speech ".
The student: The Hal is: the accusative noun that comes to clarify the states.
The Shaykh : What? The accusative noun that explains?
The student: The ambiguous of the states.
The Shaykh : When it is ambiguous, ambiguous means hidden, from the states, okay, if someone said to you: Is it not linguistically permissible to say: Zayd came to me laughing? And we make "laughing" a Hal?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : A Hal?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : And why?
The student: Because the Hal is accusative, and here it would be nominative.
The Shaykh : That is a verb!!
The student: Because a verb cannot be a Hal.
The Shaykh : Okay, so what is not a Hal?
The student: It is not a Hal.
Another student: A verb is not a Hal, but rather the verbal sentence.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: So we say: The verbal sentence is in the position of accusative as a Hal.
The Shaykh : Yes, okay, did you understand the answer? I told you: that the verb comes in the position of the Hal, but not the verb itself, but the sentence is in the position of accusative as a Hal, for this reason the brother Abdullah parses it, I parsed: Zayd came laughing.
The student: Came: past tense verb built on fathah.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Zayd: subject.
The Shaykh : Subject, okay.
The student: Zayd came.
The Shaykh : Nominative subject or accusative?
The student: The subject is nominative.
The Shaykh : Yes, nominative and its sign of nominative?
The student: The dammah.
The Shaykh : Okay, laughing?
The student: A state (hal).
The Shaykh : Parse it first?
The student: Laughing.
The Shaykh : Here, a verb, is it a verb?
The student: Yes, a verb.
The Shaykh : Okay, say: It is a verb.
The student: Laughing: verb.
The Shaykh : Past or present or future?
The student: Past tense verb nominative!
The Shaykh : Past tense verb nominative! No, that is not right.
The student: A present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Be patient.
The student: Laughing: present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: Nominative and its sign of nominative is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Where is the subject of laughing?
The student: The subject?
The Shaykh : Mmm
The student: Laughing.
The Shaykh : And what is laughing? Subject, subject of came.
The student: A hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : Hidden pronoun, obligatory or permissible?
The student: As an obligation.
The Shaykh : Obligatory, or permissible?
The student: As an obligation.
The Shaykh : And what is the sign for the obligatory hidden and the permissible hidden? What was its estimation?
The student: Permissibly, if it comes as "he".
The Shaykh : And "she".
The student: And "she", permissibly.
The Shaykh : And the one with us laughing?
The student: He.
The Shaykh : So permissibly?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, and the sentence?
The student: In the position of accusative as a Hal.
The Shaykh : In the position of accusative as a Hal, complete, okay brother what is your name?
The student: Abdullah.
The Shaykh : Come on Abdullah, I rode the horse saddled.
The student: Parse it?
The Shaykh : Parse it.
The student: Rode: verb and subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Rode: past tense verb built on sukun due to its connection to the moving nominative pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the taa: the taa of the subject, and the taa: a hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : Hidden?!
The student: A pronoun, I say: and the taa: a connected pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Built on dammah in the position of nominative as a subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the horse: object in the accusative case marked by the visible fathah on its end, saddled is a Hal in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : From whom is the Hal?
The student: A Hal from the horse.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: A Hal from the horse in the accusative case by fathah.
The Shaykh : As a Hal, accusative as a Hal.
The student: Accusative as a Hal.
The Shaykh : And the sign of its accusative case is?
The student: And its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay, but when it is specified by a description it is permissible for it to be a Hal, for this reason we did not mention it now because the issue is an abbreviation, yes, define the Hal in the terminology of grammarians?
The student: Me?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The Hal is the accusative noun that clarifies.
The Shaykh : That explains.
The student: That explains.
The Shaykh : Here, for what?
The student: For what came before it.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: The accusative noun that explains what is ambiguous of the states.
The Shaykh : Of the states, okay what does ambiguous mean?
The student: It means it was unknown and not known.
The Shaykh : Hidden and not known, okay, does it have a rule? Abdul Malik.
The student: The Hal?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: That it is always accusative.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: That its possessor cannot be anything but a definite noun.
Another student: That it serves as an answer to "how".
The Shaykh : That it serves as an answer to "how", it is suitable to serve as an answer to "how", this is the rule, yes explain this to us with an example.
The student: For example I say: I saw the Shaykh sitting.
The Shaykh : No, this is not a Hal, because if sitting!
The student: Zayd rode, Zayd came riding.
The Shaykh : Zayd came riding, meaning you say: How did Zayd come?
The student: Riding.
The Shaykh : So the answer?
The student: Riding.
The Shaykh : Okay, he says: Is it possible for the Hal to be a definite noun?
The student: The Hal cannot be a definite noun.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The Hal cannot be a definite noun, it cannot be anything but an indefinite noun.
The Shaykh : It cannot be anything but an indefinite noun, okay, how do we answer the Arabs' saying: Zayd came alone?
The student: They said: that "came alone" means "came single".
The Shaykh : Interpreted?
The student: Single.
The Shaykh : Came single, complete, okay, the author says: that the Hal cannot be anything but after the completion of the speech, what does this mean?
The student: It means the Hal does not come except after the speech is completed, meaning he says: Zayd came, the speech is completed, and sitting or walking or riding, as for saying: Zayd riding, the speech is not completed, the speech has not been completed.
The Shaykh : So it is not a Hal?
The student: So it is not.
The Shaykh : Okay correct brothers? Meaning it is not except after the completion of the sentence, Zayd came the sentence is completed, you say: riding, Zayd is coming riding correct or not? Zayd is coming riding is correct?
The student: It is correct.
The Shaykh : It is correct, because it is after the completion of the sentence, but if I said: Zayd riding, it is not correct because it is before the completion of the sentence, okay, is the possessor of the Hal a definite noun? Hamad.
The student: It is not except a definite noun.
The Shaykh : It is not except a definite noun? Or it is not a definite noun?
The student: It is not except a definite noun.
The Shaykh : It does not come as an indefinite noun?
The student: It does not come.
The Shaykh : It does not come correct so it is not except a definite noun, except that they said: that an indefinite noun when described is permissible for a Hal to come from it, as he says: A man came riding laughing, it is permissible, and it is permissible A man came riding laughing, it is permissible, but if you make it accusative as a Hal there is no harm, okay let us take the parsing now, in turn, on whom?
The student: We did not start.
The Shaykh : We did not start, okay, we start from the first, I drank the milk hot.
The student: With me?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Drank: verb and subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Drank: past tense verb built on sukun due to its connection to the moving nominative pronoun, the taa: subject nominative by dammah.
The Shaykh : A connected pronoun.
The student: A connected pronoun built, in the position of nominative as a subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The milk: object.
Another student: And the taa?
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The taa: in the position of nominative as a subject?
The Shaykh : Yes correct, yes.
The student: The milk: object in the accusative case, the milk hot, hot: a Hal.
The Shaykh : Object in the accusative case and its sign of accusative?
The student: The visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The milk hot.
The Shaykh : Hot.
The student: Hot a Hal.
The Shaykh : A Hal from whom?
The student: A Hal from the milk.
The Shaykh : Or from the taa?
The student: From the milk.
The Shaykh : From the milk?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, moving on.
The student: A Hal in the accusative case by the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Accusative as a Hal and its sign of accusative?
The student: The visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay, I drank water cold.
The student: Drank:
The Shaykh : Is the example correct?
The student: No it is not correct.
The Shaykh : Pay attention.
The student: I drank water cold?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Water an indefinite noun.
The Shaykh : Yes, and cold.
The student: Cold! It is not a Hal.
The Shaykh : Yes, but is it a Hal, so it is suitable for cold to be a description, okay okay parse it?
The student: Drank: past tense verb built on sukun due to its connection to the moving nominative pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the taa: a connected nominative pronoun built on dammah in the position of nominative as a subject.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Water: object.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Accusative and its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Cold: a description for water, accusative and its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Okay, correct, I saw your father sitting in the mosque for example.
The student: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings and bestow favor upon His servant and our Prophet Muhammad and upon his family and all his Companions
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: " The Chapter of Tamyiz (Specification)
Tamyiz: is the accusative noun that explains what is ambiguous of the entities, such as your saying: Zayd sweated profusely, and Bakr burst with fat, and Muhammad was pleased in spirit, and I bought twenty boys, and I owned ninety ewes, and Zayd is more honorable than you in father, and more beautiful than you in face, and it is not except an indefinite noun, and it is not except after the completion of the speech ".