Commentary on al-Jalalain's Tafsir: (( That )) means the punishment you are in (( because )) means by the fact that in this world (( when Allah is called upon alone
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Then Allah the Exalted said: [Ghafir 40:12] The commentator says: " that is the punishment you are in " so the referent exists, meaning that the punishment you are in is due to such and such, and here he said: and sometimes it comes with that, and sometimes with that, and sometimes with that, so what is the reason for the change in address in these demonstratives? It is said: the demonstrative is according to the referent, and the address particle after it is according to the addressee, so if you point to one while addressing two, say: that, as Yusuf said to his two companions in prison: .
And if you point to two while addressing one, what do you say: those? You pointed to two while addressing one? Those, as He the Exalted said:.
And if you point to one while addressing a group of males? That, and among this is His saying, the Exalted:[Fussilat 41:23] Good.
And if you point to one while addressing a group of females? That, she said:[Yusuf 12:32] Good.
And if you point to two while addressing two? Those, good.
And if you point to two while addressing a group of males? Those, correct.
And if you point to two while addressing a group of females? Those, good.
And if you point to a group while addressing a group of males? Those, correct.
[They will be told], "That is because, when Allah was called upon alone, you disbelieved; but if others were associated with Him, you believed. So the judgement is with Allah, the Most High, the Grand."
ذلكم بأنه إذا دعي الله وحده كفرتم وإن يشرك به تؤمنوا فالحكم لله العلي الكبيرThat is.
ذلكمThat is.
ذلكمThat is what my Lord taught me
ذلكما مما علمني ربيAnd if you point to two while addressing one, what do you say: those? You pointed to two while addressing one? Those, as He the Exalted said:
So those are two proofs from your Lord
فذانك برهانان من ربكAnd if you point to one while addressing a group of males? That, and among this is His saying, the Exalted:
And that was your assumption which you assumed about
وذلكم ظنكم الذي ظننتم بركمAnd if you point to one while addressing a group of females? That, she said:
That is the one about whom you blamed me
فذلكن الذي لمتنني فيهAnd if you point to two while addressing two? Those, good.
And if you point to two while addressing a group of males? Those, correct.
And if you point to two while addressing a group of females? Those, good.
And if you point to a group while addressing a group of males? Those, correct.