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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: “The like of the conduct of the people of Noah, ‘Ad, and Thamud, and those who came after them. And Allah does not intend injustice for the servants.”

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
Like the custom of the people of Noah مثل دأب قوم نوح
[Ghafir 40:31]
This “like” is an apposition for the “like” that came before it, just as “like the Day of the Confederates” is an apposition for “like the conduct.” Apposition is one of the four known followers, or as Ibn Malik said:
It follows the first noun in grammatical case: the first is a descriptor, an emphatic, a conjoined noun, and an apposition.
The sign of apposition is that it is valid to place it in the position of the noun it appends to; that is, it is valid to delete the noun it appends to and place the apposition in its stead.
If someone were to ask: What is the benefit of bringing the noun it appends to and then the apposition? Why did we not bring the apposition from the start?
We say: There must be a benefit, whether it is detailing after a general statement, clarifying after ambiguity, or something similar. There must be a benefit to the apposition.
Like the custom of the people of Noah and of 'Aad and Thamud مثل دأب قوم نوح وعاد وثمود
[Ghafir 40:31]
and so on. “Like the conduct of the people of Noah, ‘Ad, and Thamud” — He does not mean “like the conduct of the people of Noah, ‘Ad, and Thamud”; He means “like the consequence of the conduct of the people of Noah, ‘Ad, and Thamud,” because there is conduct and there is a consequence. The consequence is from Allah, and the conduct is from the nations or from the Confederates. “Like the conduct” means “like the consequence of their conduct.” So what was their conduct? Allah the Exalted explained their conduct by saying:
[Theirs is] like the custom of the people of Pharaoh and those before them. They denied Our signs كدأب آل فرعون والذين من قبلهم كذبوا بآياتنا
[Ali 'Imran 3:11]
This is their conduct:
Like the custom of the people of Noah and of 'Aad and Thamud مثل دأب قوم نوح وعاد وثمود
[Ghafir 40:31]
All of these people’s conduct was denying the messengers and disbelieving in them,
and those after them والذين من بعدهم
[Ibrahim 14:9]

Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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