Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "A nun following inflection or tanwin *** from what you add, delete, like Tur Sinayn."
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The Shaykh :"A nun following inflection or tanwin *** from what you add"
It means: from what you add to something else. "Delete" the nun of its inflection. Let us first parse the verse: "Nun" is the object of "delete," meaning: delete the nun that follows inflection. This is the nun of the dual and what is annexed to it, and the sound masculine plural and what is annexed to it. This nun in inflection is the nun of the dual and what is annexed to it, and the nun of the sound masculine plural and what is annexed to it. Now, his saying: "or tanwin" is conjoined to "nun," meaning: or delete tanwin as well. Tanwin occurs in the singular noun, in the broken plural, and in the sound feminine plural. Are you with me? Delete. Its example is: "like Tur Sinayn". Tur Sinayn is a mountain in Syria, well known. What is it?
The student: Tur Sinayn is in Sinayn.
The Shaykh : In Sinayn. The commentator says: in Syria, and Syria in the early period included Palestine.
The student: Sinayn is within the borders of Egypt, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Whatever Allah wills... the Egyptians, yes. Look, you have Sinayn and what surrounds it. Yes, now. This is what happened with Tur Sinayn. Sinayn did not change, but "Tur" originally was "Tur" with tanwin. When we added it, the tanwin was deleted. Another example from us, clearer than the author's words, so that no one from the people of Egypt can object to us: I bought a book. Is it with tanwin now or not?
The student: It is with tanwin.
The Shaykh : Now, I bought the book of Muhammad. What happened? We deleted the tanwin. It is not valid to say: "I bought a book of Muhammad." That is not valid. You must delete the tanwin. For this reason, the poet said:
"I am like tanwin and you are addition *** So where do you see me? I do not settle in my place"
Yes. "I am like tanwin and you are addition *** So where do you see me? I do not settle in my place"
Tanwin and addition cannot coexist. Now, regarding the nun, for example: I honored two Muslims from the people of Makkah. Is there a nun now?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : It is the one that follows inflection, because the inflection is on the yaa if it is in the accusative or genitive case with yaa, and if it is in the nominative case, it is with waw: Muslimun. When you add, you say: I honored the two Muslims of the people of Makkah. Where did the nun go?
The student: It was deleted.
The Shaykh : It was deleted for addition. So the nun is deleted from the dual and from the sound masculine plural upon addition, and tanwin is deleted. These are two rulings in inflection. What is the first ruling? The first ruling in inflection is that we say: if addition occurs, then the second one is what?
The student: Genitive case.
The Shaykh : Its ruling is always the genitive case, and the first one is according to the factors. The second ruling in inflection is that if addition occurs, tanwin is deleted from the first one, and the nun is also deleted from it if it is a sound masculine plural or a dual. Is that clear, everyone?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Very well.
It means: from what you add to something else. "Delete" the nun of its inflection. Let us first parse the verse: "Nun" is the object of "delete," meaning: delete the nun that follows inflection. This is the nun of the dual and what is annexed to it, and the sound masculine plural and what is annexed to it. This nun in inflection is the nun of the dual and what is annexed to it, and the nun of the sound masculine plural and what is annexed to it. Now, his saying: "or tanwin" is conjoined to "nun," meaning: or delete tanwin as well. Tanwin occurs in the singular noun, in the broken plural, and in the sound feminine plural. Are you with me? Delete. Its example is: "like Tur Sinayn". Tur Sinayn is a mountain in Syria, well known. What is it?
The student: Tur Sinayn is in Sinayn.
The Shaykh : In Sinayn. The commentator says: in Syria, and Syria in the early period included Palestine.
The student: Sinayn is within the borders of Egypt, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Whatever Allah wills... the Egyptians, yes. Look, you have Sinayn and what surrounds it. Yes, now. This is what happened with Tur Sinayn. Sinayn did not change, but "Tur" originally was "Tur" with tanwin. When we added it, the tanwin was deleted. Another example from us, clearer than the author's words, so that no one from the people of Egypt can object to us: I bought a book. Is it with tanwin now or not?
The student: It is with tanwin.
The Shaykh : Now, I bought the book of Muhammad. What happened? We deleted the tanwin. It is not valid to say: "I bought a book of Muhammad." That is not valid. You must delete the tanwin. For this reason, the poet said:
"I am like tanwin and you are addition *** So where do you see me? I do not settle in my place"
Yes. "I am like tanwin and you are addition *** So where do you see me? I do not settle in my place"
Tanwin and addition cannot coexist. Now, regarding the nun, for example: I honored two Muslims from the people of Makkah. Is there a nun now?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : It is the one that follows inflection, because the inflection is on the yaa if it is in the accusative or genitive case with yaa, and if it is in the nominative case, it is with waw: Muslimun. When you add, you say: I honored the two Muslims of the people of Makkah. Where did the nun go?
The student: It was deleted.
The Shaykh : It was deleted for addition. So the nun is deleted from the dual and from the sound masculine plural upon addition, and tanwin is deleted. These are two rulings in inflection. What is the first ruling? The first ruling in inflection is that we say: if addition occurs, then the second one is what?
The student: Genitive case.
The Shaykh : Its ruling is always the genitive case, and the first one is according to the factors. The second ruling in inflection is that if addition occurs, tanwin is deleted from the first one, and the nun is also deleted from it if it is a sound masculine plural or a dual. Is that clear, everyone?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Very well.