Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said, in what he quoted from Hudhayfah and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them both) regarding the hadith of intercession: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was promised by his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, that He would raise him to a Praiseworthy Station. So the Exalted said:[Al-Isra 17:79] And when "perhaps" (‘asaa) comes from Allah, it is obligatory, unlike "perhaps" from creation, which is for hope. So if you say: "Perhaps Allah will guide me," "Perhaps Allah will forgive me," "Perhaps Allah will have mercy on me," this is hope. But when Allah says "perhaps," it is a promise. For this reason, they said: "Perhaps from Allah is obligatory", like His saying: [An-Nisa 4:99] [Al-Ma'idah 5:52] and the like. So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, promised His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that He would raise him to a Praiseworthy Station, meaning a station in which the first and the last will praise him. This is from several aspects, including the hadith of intercession. The people will be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection barefoot, naked, and uncircumcised. Barefoot means they have no sandals, naked means they have no clothes, and uncircumcised means the foreskin that is cut in circumcision, meaning in purification, returns on the Day of Resurrection, as the Exalted said: [Al-Anbya 21:104] The creation will gather, and the sun will be above them at the distance of a mile, and the matters will be great terrors. They will see the mountains passing like clouds, becoming scattered dust. They will be overcome by anxiety and sorrow that they cannot bear. Some of them will say to others: Will you not seek someone to intercede for us with Allah? So they will go to Adam and ask him for intercession. He will mention his sin that occurred from him. The sin that occurred from him is that Allah, Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, said to them when He settled them in Paradise: [Al-Baqarah 2:35] He addressed him and his wife Hawwa: [Al-Baqarah 2:35] a tree that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, specified. We do not have much benefit in knowing its type, so we do not know this tree: is it an olive? Is it wheat? Is it grapes? Is it a date palm? Allah knows best. We have left it ambiguous as Allah, Mighty and Majestic, left it ambiguous. If there had been a benefit in specifying it, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, would have specified it. He said: "No, from this tree" [Al-Baqarah 2:35] So Satan came to them and whispered to them, and he deceived them and swore to them that he was one of the advisors. And so he does with their descendants, the descendants of Adam; he deceives them, incites them, whispers to them, and swears to them that he is an advisor, while he is a liar. He will mention his sin that he and his wife ate from this tree, so Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded them to descend from Paradise to the earth, and they descended to the earth. And from them came this offspring, from which came the prophets and messengers, the martyrs and the righteous. Then he will make this excuse. In this hadith, I mean the hadith of intercession, Adam’s excuse with his eating from the tree is evidence that the story narrated from Ibn Abbas and made an interpretation of His saying: [Al-A'raf 7:189-190] is a fabricated story and not authentic. And even if it were authentic from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), Ibn Abbas is known for taking from the Children of Israel, so this would be from what he took from the Children of Israel from the Isra'iliyyat. But we know from the hadith of intercession and the protection of the prophets from shirk (associating partners with Allah) that it does not reach Adam, because if this had occurred from Adam, it would be greater than the sin of eating from the tree, because it is shirk, and shirk is greater than sins. The important thing is that Adam will make an excuse, and they will come to Nuh, who is the first messenger Allah sent to the people of the earth. They will seek his intercession with this virtue and say to him—meaning the people—: He will make an excuse that he asked for what he had no knowledge of, and that was when he said: [Hud 11:45] He had a son who disbelieved in him, a son of a messenger who disbelieved in the messenger, refuge with Allah, because lineage does not benefit a person. The son of a scholar does not necessarily become a scholar; he may be ignorant. The son of a worshipper does not necessarily become a worshipper; he may be an open sinner and a transgressor. The son of a messenger may not be a believer. In fact, one of the sons of Nuh was a disbeliever, and his father used to say: [Hud 11:42] [Hud 11:43] The son drowned with the disbelievers, refuge with Allah. And Nuh had said: [Hud 11:45] Nuh will make an excuse that he asked for what he had no knowledge of. The intercessor must not have any estrangement between him and the one for whom he intercedes, because if there is estrangement between the intercessor and the one for whom he intercedes, how can he be an intercessor? The intercessor must have a strong connection with the one for whom he intercedes that nothing can scratch. Although Allah forgave Nuh (peace and blessings be upon him), and Allah forgave Adam, and his Lord chose him and turned to him in mercy and guided him, but because of the perfection of their rank and the elevation of their station, they made this sin, which was forgiven for them, a barrier to intercession. All of this is out of exalting Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and out of shyness and shame from Him. The rest of the speech on the hadith will come, if Allah wills.
The reader: "Mishkat al-Masabih 5608 Narrated by Muslim ".
The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) stated regarding the remainder of what he quoted from the hadith of Hudhayfah and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them both) concerning intercession. It has been mentioned to us previously that the people will come to Adam, then to Noah, and then to Ibrahim, the intimate friend of Allah (Mighty and Majestic). He will make excuses and say: These lies that he told were not lies in reality, because he (peace and blessings be upon him) interpreted them, and one who interprets is not a liar. However, out of his extreme reverence for Allah (Mighty and Majestic), he considered this a barrier to intercession, preventing him from advancing to intercede for anyone. Then they will come to Musa and speak to him, saying: "Allah spoke to you and wrote the Torah for you with His Hand." He will make excuses by saying that he killed a soul for which he was not commanded to kill it. This is because Musa (peace be upon him) was among the strongest and most powerful of men. One day, he passed by two men fighting, one from his faction—meaning from the Children of Israel—and the other from his enemy—meaning from the family of Pharaoh, the Copts. The one from his faction cried out for help against his enemy, meaning he asked him to rescue him and help him against this man. So Musa struck him, meaning he struck the one from his enemy, and killed him; he died from a single blow, because he (peace and blessings be upon him) was strong and severe. He said: [Al-Qasas 28:15] And in the morning, he found his companion from the previous day disputing with another person [Al-Qasas 28:18] meaning: yesterday you were disputing, and today you are disputing. So Musa intended to strike the one who was the enemy of both of them. The Israelite said to him: [Al-Qasas 28:19] The people were suspicious of the one who had killed the man the previous day. So the Copt realized this and informed the people. Thus, Musa makes excuses by saying that he killed a soul for which he was not commanded to kill it. Then they go to 'Isa and say to him: "You are the Word of Allah and His Spirit." By His Word, they mean that you were created by the Word of Allah, and by His Spirit, they mean that you are a spirit from among the spirits of Allah (Mighty and Majestic) that He created. He will make excuses, but he does not mention a sin or anything to excuse himself with; rather, he refers them to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and says: In this hadith mentioned by the author (may Allah have mercy on him), the trust and the family ties stand on the two sides of the Sirat, and the Sirat is a bridge stretched over Hellfire. The scholars differed regarding this bridge: is it a wide bridge or a narrow one? In some narrations: But the people will cross it, and Allah is Able to do all things. In some narrations, it indicates that it is a slippery, treacherous path with hooks that snatch people by their deeds. Some people will be snatched and thrown into the Fire, some will pass quickly like a flash of lightning, and some will pass like the riders of camels or like the wind, according to their ranks and deeds. Their deeds will carry them; whoever in this world was quickest to adhere to the path of Allah (Mighty and Majestic) and follow His Shari'ah will be quickest on this Sirat. And whoever was slow in adhering to the Shari'ah in this world will be slow in his movement there. The supplication of the messengers at that time is: Sahih Ibn Hibban 23:174 Everyone will be afraid, because the matter is not easy; the matter is severe, the matter is tremendous. The people will be in the most extreme state until the Muslims cross this Sirat to Paradise. Some people will be thrown into the Fire of Hell and punished according to their deeds. As for the pure disbelievers, they will not ascend the Sirat nor hover around it, because they will be driven, may Allah protect us, to the Fire in the open spaces of the Day of Resurrection before they ascend this Sirat. They will be gathered and driven to Hellfire, may Allah protect us, and they will not ascend the Sirat; only the believers will ascend it. But whoever has sins that have not been forgiven may fall into the Fire of Hell and be punished according to his deeds. And Allah knows best.
The reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said, in what he quoted from Hudhayfah and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them both) regarding the hadith of intercession: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was promised by his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, that He would raise him to a Praiseworthy Station. So the Exalted said:
And from [part of] the night, pray with it as additional [worship] for you; it is expected that your Lord will resurrect you to a praised station.
وَمِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَتَهَجَّدْ بِهِ نَافِلَةً لَكَ عَسَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَاماً مَحْمُوداًFor those it is expected that Allah will pardon them
فَأُولَئِكَ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُمْBut perhaps Allah will bring conquest or a decision from Him
فَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِالْفَتْحِ أَوْ أَمْرٍ مِنْ عِنْدِهAs We began the first creation, We will repeat it
كَمَا بَدَأْنَا أَوَّلَ خَلْقٍ نُعِيدُهُeat therefrom in [ease and] abundance from wherever you will
كُلا مِنْهَا رَغَداً حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَاBut do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers."
وَلا تَقْرَبَا هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَeat therefrom in [ease and] abundance from wherever you will. But do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers."
كُلا مِنْهَا رَغَداً حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلا تَقْرَبَا هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَThat Hawwa became pregnant, so the Shaytan came to them and said: "Name the child 'Abd al-Harith," or "We will give him the horns of a gazelle so that it will come out of your womb and split it open." They refused to obey him. He came to them the second time, and they refused to obey him. In the third time, their love for the child overcame them, so they named him 'Abd al-Harith.
أن حواء حملت فجاءهما الشيطان فقال: سميا الولد عبد الحارث فأبى أو لنجعل له قرني أيل فيخرج من بطنك فيشقه فأبيا أن يطيعاه، وجاءهم في المرة الثانية فأبيا أن يطيعاه، وفي المرة الثالثة أدركهما حب الولد فسمياه عبد الحارث(189) It is He who created you from one soul and created from it its mate that he might dwell in security with her. And when he covers her, she carries a light burden and continues therein. And when it becomes heavy, they both invoke Allah, their Lord, "If You should give us a good [child], we will surely be among the grateful." (190) But when He gives them a good [child], they ascribe partners to Him concerning that which He has given them. Exalted is Allah above what they associate with Him.
هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا لِيَسْكُنَ إِلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا تَغَشَّاهَا حَمَلَتْ حَمْلاً خَفِيفاً فَمَرَّتْ بِهِ فَلَمَّا أَثْقَلَتْ دَعَوَا اللَّهَ رَبَّهُمَا لَئِنْ آتَيْتَنَا صَالِحاً لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ * فَلَمَّا آتَاهُمَا صَالِحاً جَعَلا لَهُ شُرَكَاءَ فِيمَا آتَاهُمَا فَتَعَالَى اللَّهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَYou are the first messenger whom Allah sent to the people of the earth.
أنت أول رسول الله بعثه الله إلى أهل الأرضMy Lord, indeed my son is of my family; and indeed, Your promise is true; and You are the most just of judges!"
رَبِّ إِنَّ ابْنِي مِنْ أَهْلِي وَإِنَّ وَعْدَكَ الْحَقُّ وَأَنْتَ أَحْكَمُ الْحَاكِمِينَO my son, come aboard with us and be not with the disbelievers."
يَا بُنَيَّ ارْكَبْ مَعَنَا وَلا تَكُنْ مَعَ الْكَافِرِينَ[But] he said, "I will take refuge on a mountain to protect me from the water." [Noah] said, "There is no protector today from the decree of Allah, except for whom He gives mercy." And the waves came between them, and he was among the drowned.
قال سَآوي إِلَى جَبَلٍ يَعْصِمُنِي مِنَ الْمَاءِ قَالَ لا عَاصِمَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ وَحَالَ بَيْنَهُمَا الْمَوْجُ فَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُغْرَقِينَMy Lord, indeed my son is of my family; and indeed, Your promise is true; and You are the most just of judges!"
رَبِّ إِنَّ ابْنِي مِنْ أَهْلِي وَإِنَّ وَعْدَكَ الْحَقُّ وَأَنْتَ أَحْكَمُ الْحَاكِمِينَThe reader: "
some being lacerated and escaping and others being thrown Pell Mell into hell. By Him in whose hand Abu Huraira's soul is[*], the pit of Jahannam is a seventy years' journey down.
فمخدوش ناج ومكردس في النار، والذي نفس أبي هريرة بيده إن قعر جهنم لسبعون خريفًاThe Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) stated regarding the remainder of what he quoted from the hadith of Hudhayfah and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them both) concerning intercession. It has been mentioned to us previously that the people will come to Adam, then to Noah, and then to Ibrahim, the intimate friend of Allah (Mighty and Majestic). He will make excuses and say:
He lied three lies regarding Allah.
إنه كذب في ذات الله ثلاث كذباتThis is from the work of Satan. Indeed, he is a manifest, misleading enemy."
هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ إِنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ مُضِلٌّ مُبِينٌwhen suddenly the one who sought his help the previous day cried out to him [once again]. Moses said to him, "Indeed, you are an evident, [persistent] deviator."
فَإِذَا الَّذِي اسْتَنْصَرَهُ بِالْأَمْسِ يَسْتَصْرِخُهُ قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى إِنَّكَ لَغَوِيٌّ مُبِينٌdo you intend to kill me as you killed someone yesterday?
أَتُرِيدُ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنِي كَمَا قَتَلْتَ نَفْساً بِالْأَمْسِGo to Muhammad, the servant of Allah, and Allah has forgiven him what came before of his sin and what came after. So they come to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he intercedes, and permission is granted to him, and he intercedes for the people until judgment is passed among them.
اذهبوا إلى محمد عبد غفر الله له ما تقدم من ذنبه وما تأخر، فيأتون إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فيشفع فيؤذن له فيشفع يشفع في الناس حتى يقضى بينهمIt is thinner than hair and sharper than a sword.
أنه أدق من الشعر وأحد من السيفO Allah, grant safety, O Allah, grant safety.
اللهم سلم اللهم سلمThe reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.