Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Chapter on Financial Maintenance for Dependents":
Dependents: They are those whom a person supports, such as a wife, a relative, or a slave. The discussion on the rights of the wife has already been mentioned. As for relatives, they have a right. Allah the Exalted said:[An-Nisa 4:36].
The relative has the right to be provided for, meaning that one should give him food, drink, clothing, and shelter sufficient to meet his needs, as Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Baqarah 2:233]. The father of the child is the one who must provide for his children and his wives, and for the woman who breastfed his child, even if she is not his wife, because He said: [Al-Baqarah 2:233]: for the sake of breastfeeding. However, if she is his wife, she is entitled to maintenance for the sake of the marriage.
And His saying:[Al-Baqarah 2:233]: includes the nearest father and the higher father, such as the grandfather and those above him. So he must provide for his children's children, no matter how far down the line they are.
But there are conditions for this:
The first condition: The provider must be able to provide. If he is unable, then it is not obligatory for him to provide, because of the saying of Allah the Exalted:[At-Talaq 65:7]: meaning: except what He has given her, [At-Talaq 65:7].
The second condition: The person being provided for must be unable, unable to provide for himself. If he is able to provide for himself, then he is the first to be considered, and it is not obligatory for anyone to provide for him, because he is self-sufficient. And if he is self-sufficient, then he does not deserve to be provided for.
The third condition: The provider must be an heir of the person being provided for, because of the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Baqarah 2:233]. If he is a relative who does not inherit, then it is not obligatory for him to provide.
If the three conditions are met, then it is obligatory for the relative to provide for his relative what he needs of food, drink, clothing, shelter, and marriage. And if he is able to provide for some things but not others, it is obligatory for the inheriting relative to complete what is lacking, due to the generality of the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Baqarah 2:233].
Then the author mentioned three verses. The first verse: The saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:[Al-Baqarah 2:233]. The second verse: [At-Talaq 65:7]. The third verse: His saying, the Exalted: [Saba 34:39] [Saba 34:39]: meaning whatever you spend for Allah, Mighty and Majestic, : meaning He gives you its replacement and substitute, and He is the best of providers. And success is from Allah.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Chapter on Financial Maintenance for Dependents":
Dependents: They are those whom a person supports, such as a wife, a relative, or a slave. The discussion on the rights of the wife has already been mentioned. As for relatives, they have a right. Allah the Exalted said:
Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and to parents do good, and to relatives
وَاعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئاً وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَاناً وَبِذِي الْقُرْبَىThe relative has the right to be provided for, meaning that one should give him food, drink, clothing, and shelter sufficient to meet his needs, as Allah the Exalted said:
Upon the father is the mothers' provision and their clothing according to what is acceptable.
وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِUpon the father is the mothers' provision and their clothing according to what is acceptable.
وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِAnd His saying:
Upon the father is
وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُBut there are conditions for this:
The first condition: The provider must be able to provide. If he is unable, then it is not obligatory for him to provide, because of the saying of Allah the Exalted:
Let a man of wealth spend from his wealth, and he whose provision is restricted - let him spend from what Allah has given him. Allah does not charge a soul except [according to] what He has given it
لِيُنْفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِنْ سَعَتِهِ وَمَنْ قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْيُنْفِقْ مِمَّا آتَاهُ اللَّهُ لا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلَّا مَا آتَهَاAllah will bring about, after hardship, ease.
سَيَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ عُسْرٍ يُسْراًThe second condition: The person being provided for must be unable, unable to provide for himself. If he is able to provide for himself, then he is the first to be considered, and it is not obligatory for anyone to provide for him, because he is self-sufficient. And if he is self-sufficient, then he does not deserve to be provided for.
The third condition: The provider must be an heir of the person being provided for, because of the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And upon the [father's] heir is [a duty] like that [of the father].
وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَIf the three conditions are met, then it is obligatory for the relative to provide for his relative what he needs of food, drink, clothing, shelter, and marriage. And if he is able to provide for some things but not others, it is obligatory for the inheriting relative to complete what is lacking, due to the generality of the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And upon the [father's] heir is [a duty] like that [of the father].
وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَThen the author mentioned three verses. The first verse: The saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He: