The Ruling on Praying and Fasting on Behalf of the Deceased

Question:
From the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Ashrafiyah, the listener: Khalil Ahmad Saleh Bani Saleh sent a message containing a collection of questions. In one of his questions, he says: Is it permissible to pray or fast on behalf of the deceased, and does the reward reach the deceased as the reward of the living, or is he only rewarded? Please guide us. May Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
As for prayer, one does not pray on behalf of the deceased. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not do this, nor did his Companions. Therefore, one does not pray on behalf of the deceased in any case. As for fasting, there is no harm in fasting on behalf of the deceased if he had a debt. If a person dies and he has fasting remaining, such as a vow, an expiation, or fasting from Ramadan that he did not fast because Allah had excused him and he had recovered from his illness, but he was lenient, then it is made up on his behalf. This is based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): It is agreed upon that it is authentic. And in al-Musnad, with a sound chain, from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): .
A large number of people asked him for a ruling about fasting on behalf of their mothers and their fathers, so he ruled for them that they should fast. As for voluntary fasting, no, one does not fast voluntarily on behalf of the deceased. One only fasts on his behalf if he had a debt of fasting, an obligatory fard. If his son, or his sister, or his aunt, or his brother fasts on his behalf, it is all good. This is based on his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): meaning: his relative, which includes the father, the son, the brother, the uncle, and the like. As for prayer, no, one does not pray on behalf of anyone. Yes.

The presenter : May Allah reward you with good.