The ruling on one who swears by Allah and then breaks his oath
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Question:
The listener: Awad Sa'ud Ali al-Dhahili al-Juhani, a message, and within it a collection of questions, in one of which he asks about: The ruling on one who swears by Allah, then does not adhere to what he swore to? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
Swearing by Allah is a serious matter, and the person who swears must either fulfill what he swore to, or pay the expiation if he fails to do so. If he sees that not fulfilling it is better, and that he will pay the expiation for his oath, that is better, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sunan an-Nasa'i 3781Hasan (Darussalam), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: Sunan an-Nasa'i 3780Sahih (Darussalam). So if a man says, "By Allah, I will not speak to so-and-so," and then sees that the benefit lies in speaking to him, and that boycotting him brings no good, he should speak to him and pay the expiation for his oath. Or if he says, "By Allah, I will not accept his invitation," and then sees that the benefit lies in accepting the invitation, he should accept it and pay the expiation for his oath, which is feeding ten poor people or clothing them; if he is unable to do so, he should fast for three days.
And so; if he swore that he would not travel to a country where travel is permissible, then he decides to travel, he pays the expiation for his oath.
Or if he swore that he would not perform Hajj, or not perform 'Umrah, and he has already performed the obligatory Hajj, but he swore that he would not do it voluntarily, then in that case he pays the expiation for his oath. If Hajj becomes easy for him, it is better for him to pay the expiation for his oath, and perform Hajj, and 'Umrah, and provision himself with good. But if it is obligatory, he must perform the obligatory Hajj, and pay the expiation for his oath.
And so, if he swore that he would not be dutiful to his parents, or if he swore that he would disobey his father, or disobey his mother, this is a sinful oath that is not permissible. He pays the expiation for his oath, and is dutiful to his parents.
Or if he swore: "By Allah, I will not pray in congregation," this is a false, sinful oath. He prays in congregation, and pays the expiation for his oath, and does not obey Satan.
The point is, if the oath is to commit a sin, or to leave an obligatory act, he must dissolve it. He pays the expiation for his oath, performs the obligatory act, and leaves the sin.
But if it is not, but rather in a permissible matter, or in a recommended matter, he looks into it. For the recommended matter, it is better to do the recommended act. For example: "By Allah, I will not pray the rawatib," no, he pays the expiation for his oath. "By Allah, I will not pray the Duha prayer," he pays the expiation for his oath. Praying the Duha prayer is better for him. As for the permissible matter, he looks into it. If he sees that the best is to do it, he does it, and pays the expiation for his oath. He said: "By Allah, I will not eat lunch at so-and-so's," or "By Allah, I will not speak to so-and-so." If he sees that the interest is that he speaks to him, or eats lunch at his place, or eats dinner at his place, he pays the expiation for his oath. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.
The listener: Awad Sa'ud Ali al-Dhahili al-Juhani, a message, and within it a collection of questions, in one of which he asks about: The ruling on one who swears by Allah, then does not adhere to what he swore to? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
Swearing by Allah is a serious matter, and the person who swears must either fulfill what he swore to, or pay the expiation if he fails to do so. If he sees that not fulfilling it is better, and that he will pay the expiation for his oath, that is better, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
Whoever swears an oath, then sees something better than it, let him do that which is better.
من حلف على يمين، فرأى غيرها خيرًا منها؛ فليكفر عن يمينه، وليأت الذي هو خيرBy Allah, I do not swear an oath and then see something better than it, but I offer expiation for my oath and do that which is better.
إني والله لا أحلف على يمين، فأرى غيرها خيرًا منها، إلا كفرت عن يميني، وأتيت الذي هو خيرAnd so; if he swore that he would not travel to a country where travel is permissible, then he decides to travel, he pays the expiation for his oath.
Or if he swore that he would not perform Hajj, or not perform 'Umrah, and he has already performed the obligatory Hajj, but he swore that he would not do it voluntarily, then in that case he pays the expiation for his oath. If Hajj becomes easy for him, it is better for him to pay the expiation for his oath, and perform Hajj, and 'Umrah, and provision himself with good. But if it is obligatory, he must perform the obligatory Hajj, and pay the expiation for his oath.
And so, if he swore that he would not be dutiful to his parents, or if he swore that he would disobey his father, or disobey his mother, this is a sinful oath that is not permissible. He pays the expiation for his oath, and is dutiful to his parents.
Or if he swore: "By Allah, I will not pray in congregation," this is a false, sinful oath. He prays in congregation, and pays the expiation for his oath, and does not obey Satan.
The point is, if the oath is to commit a sin, or to leave an obligatory act, he must dissolve it. He pays the expiation for his oath, performs the obligatory act, and leaves the sin.
But if it is not, but rather in a permissible matter, or in a recommended matter, he looks into it. For the recommended matter, it is better to do the recommended act. For example: "By Allah, I will not pray the rawatib," no, he pays the expiation for his oath. "By Allah, I will not pray the Duha prayer," he pays the expiation for his oath. Praying the Duha prayer is better for him. As for the permissible matter, he looks into it. If he sees that the best is to do it, he does it, and pays the expiation for his oath. He said: "By Allah, I will not eat lunch at so-and-so's," or "By Allah, I will not speak to so-and-so." If he sees that the interest is that he speaks to him, or eats lunch at his place, or eats dinner at his place, he pays the expiation for his oath. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.