I am a resident of Makkah. Do I have the right to perform 'Umrah, and from where should I enter the state of ihram? Is it permissible to repeat it more than twice, with evidence?
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The questioner : I am a resident of Makkah. Do I have the right to perform 'Umrah, and from where should I enter the state of ihram? Is it permissible to repeat it more than twice, with the mention of evidence?
The Shaykh : The scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, differed on whether a resident of Makkah has the right to perform 'Umrah or not.
Some scholars said: A resident of Makkah does not have 'Umrah unless he travels to another town and then returns to Makkah, in which case he enters the state of ihram just as a non-resident does.
Other scholars said: Rather, a resident of Makkah has 'Umrah. They cited the general texts indicating this, such as the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas when he mentioned the miqats, saying:Sahih al-Bukhari 1524. It was mentioned that these miqats are for those who intend Hajj and 'Umrah. He said: This is evidence that the people of Makkah have 'Umrah.
Likewise, the hadiths indicating the virtue of 'Umrah, such as the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sahih Muslim 1349a.
This is the stronger position: that the people of Makkah have 'Umrah like others, but they do not enter the state of ihram from Makkah; rather, they do not enter the state of ihram except from al-Hal.
The evidence for this is that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered 'A'ishah, when she wanted to perform 'Umrah, to go out to al-Tan'īm. He said to her brother 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr:Sahih Muslim 1211m. He said: . This is evidence that the Haram is not a miqat for 'Umrah.
Some people claimed that the people of Makkah enter the state of ihram for 'Umrah from Makkah. They cited the generality of the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas:Sahih al-Bukhari 1524.
But this opinion is weak, and the evidence for that is the hadith of 'A'ishah to which we referred.
If they say: 'A'ishah was a non-resident, we say: It is not impossible for a non-resident to enter the state of ihram from Makkah if Makkah is a miqat for him. For this reason, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, entered the state of ihram for Hajj from Makkah and did not go out to al-Hal. Then, if she was a non-resident, if her original miqat were to be considered, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would have ordered 'A'ishah to enter the state of ihram from where? From Dhu al-Hulayfah, not from al-Tan'īm, because that is her original miqat since she was in al-Madinah. That indicates that the Haram is not a miqat for one who intends 'Umrah, whether from the people of Makkah or from others. So when the people of Makkah intend 'Umrah, they go out to al-Tan'īm or to al-Ja'ranah or to another place in al-Hal and enter the state of ihram from there.
And as for the sayingThe questioner : Do they repeat 'Umrah?
The answer is: The Shaykh al-Islam mentioned that it is disliked to perform 'Umrah frequently and to do it consecutively, by the consensus of the Salaf. It was not the custom of the Salaf to go out for 'Umrah from Makkah every week. Rather, a person performs 'Umrah such that there is a time between it and the first 'Umrah in which the hair can be prepared for shaving or shortening. For this reason, Imam Ahmad said: "When his head has grown black hair, let him perform 'Umrah". He made the difference between the first and second 'Umrah the growth of hair until it appears on the head and a person is able to shave it or shorten it.
The Shaykh : The scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, differed on whether a resident of Makkah has the right to perform 'Umrah or not.
Some scholars said: A resident of Makkah does not have 'Umrah unless he travels to another town and then returns to Makkah, in which case he enters the state of ihram just as a non-resident does.
Other scholars said: Rather, a resident of Makkah has 'Umrah. They cited the general texts indicating this, such as the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas when he mentioned the miqats, saying:
and whoever is living within these boundaries can assume lhram from the place he starts, and the people of Mecca can assume Ihram from Mecca.
ومن كان دون ذلك فمن حيث أنشأ حتى أهل مكة من مكةLikewise, the hadiths indicating the virtue of 'Umrah, such as the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
An Umra is an expiation for the sins committed between it and the next
العمرة إلى العمرة كفارة لما بينهماThis is the stronger position: that the people of Makkah have 'Umrah like others, but they do not enter the state of ihram from Makkah; rather, they do not enter the state of ihram except from al-Hal.
The evidence for this is that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered 'A'ishah, when she wanted to perform 'Umrah, to go out to al-Tan'īm. He said to her brother 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr:
Take out your sister from the precincts of the Ka'ba in order to put on Ihram for Umra
اخرج بأختك من الحرم فلتهل بعمرةTake her out of the Haram
اخرج بها من الحرمSome people claimed that the people of Makkah enter the state of ihram for 'Umrah from Makkah. They cited the generality of the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas:
and whoever is living within these boundaries can assume lhram from the place he starts, and the people of Mecca can assume Ihram from Mecca.
ومن كان دون ذلك فمن حيث أنشأ حتى أهل مكة من مكةBut this opinion is weak, and the evidence for that is the hadith of 'A'ishah to which we referred.
If they say: 'A'ishah was a non-resident, we say: It is not impossible for a non-resident to enter the state of ihram from Makkah if Makkah is a miqat for him. For this reason, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, entered the state of ihram for Hajj from Makkah and did not go out to al-Hal. Then, if she was a non-resident, if her original miqat were to be considered, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would have ordered 'A'ishah to enter the state of ihram from where? From Dhu al-Hulayfah, not from al-Tan'īm, because that is her original miqat since she was in al-Madinah. That indicates that the Haram is not a miqat for one who intends 'Umrah, whether from the people of Makkah or from others. So when the people of Makkah intend 'Umrah, they go out to al-Tan'īm or to al-Ja'ranah or to another place in al-Hal and enter the state of ihram from there.
And as for the sayingThe questioner : Do they repeat 'Umrah?
The answer is: The Shaykh al-Islam mentioned that it is disliked to perform 'Umrah frequently and to do it consecutively, by the consensus of the Salaf. It was not the custom of the Salaf to go out for 'Umrah from Makkah every week. Rather, a person performs 'Umrah such that there is a time between it and the first 'Umrah in which the hair can be prepared for shaving or shortening. For this reason, Imam Ahmad said: "When his head has grown black hair, let him perform 'Umrah". He made the difference between the first and second 'Umrah the growth of hair until it appears on the head and a person is able to shave it or shorten it.