The Book of Hajj-05b
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The reciter: Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ishaq ibn Ibrahim both narrated to us from Hatim. Abu Bakr said: Hatim ibn Isma'il al-Madani narrated to us from Ja'far ibn Muhammad from his father, who said: Sunan al-Bayhaqi 4:207.
The Shaykh : What is his relationship to 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him)?
The reciter: His son's son?
The Shaykh : Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn 'Ali. His grandfather, 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), is the grandfather of his father.
The reciter: How did he enter upon Jabir? How did Jabir meet this man?
The Shaykh : Muhammad?
The reciter: Yes, exactly.
The Shaykh : He met him because he met him.
The reciter: Meaning Jabir had grown old?
The Shaykh : Yes, he had grown old.
The reciter: He said:.
The Shaykh : This is undoubtedly a great number of people, to see as far as the eye can see in every direction. They estimated that about one hundred thousand people performed Hajj with the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). That means only twenty-four thousand of the Companions remained, otherwise they all performed Hajj with them, because he (peace and blessings be upon him) announced to the people that he would perform Hajj, so all the people came in order to look at the Prophet's Hajj and follow his example.
If someone were to ask: Why did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) not perform Hajj in the ninth year? Or in the eighth year, or the seventh year, for example?
We say: Before the ninth year, Hajj was not possible, because before the Conquest, Makkah was under the control of the polytheists, and they had prevented him from performing 'Umrah, so how could he perform Hajj? As for the eighth year, after the Conquest, he (peace and blessings be upon him) was occupied with jihad, for he did not finish with Thaqif until the end of Dhul-Qa'dah, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) was occupied.
As for the ninth year, it is said that he did not perform Hajj because that year was the Year of the Delegations. The Arabs were waiting for the Conquest of Makkah, and when it was conquered, they also waited for the defeat of Thaqif, because they were a people of strength. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) defeated them, the Arabs submitted, and they began coming in groups to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah. So in Madinah, he would receive these delegations and teach them their religion.
Another reason is that in the ninth year, the polytheists performed Hajj with the Muslims, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted his Hajj to be pure for the Muslims. For this reason, he announced in the ninth year:Sahih al-Bukhari 1622.
This is if we say that Hajj became obligatory in the ninth year. And if we say it became obligatory in the tenth year, there is no problem.
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed the people that he would perform Hajj in the tenth year, so the people gathered as Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned.
We went in to Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah, and he asked about the people until he reached me, and I said: "I am Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn al-Husayn," so he reached out his hand to my head
دخلنا على جابر بن عبد الله ، فسأل عن القوم حتّى انتهى إليّ ، فقلت : أنا محمّد بن عليّ بن حسينٍ ، فأهوى بيده إلى رأسيThe Shaykh : What is his relationship to 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him)?
The reciter: His son's son?
The Shaykh : Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn 'Ali. His grandfather, 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), is the grandfather of his father.
The reciter: How did he enter upon Jabir? How did Jabir meet this man?
The Shaykh : Muhammad?
The reciter: Yes, exactly.
The Shaykh : He met him because he met him.
The reciter: Meaning Jabir had grown old?
The Shaykh : Yes, he had grown old.
The reciter: He said:
We went in to Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah, and he asked about the people until he reached me, and I said: "I am Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn al-Husayn," so he reached out his hand to my head, and unbuttoned my top button, then unbuttoned my bottom button, then placed his palm between my breasts, and I was a young boy at that time. He said: "Welcome, my nephew, ask about whatever you wish." I asked him, and he was blind, and the time for prayer arrived, so he stood up in a woven blanket, wrapping it around himself; every time he placed it on his shoulder, its ends would return to him because of its smallness, and his cloak was beside him on the peg. So he prayed with us. I said: "Inform me about the Hajj of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." So he gestured with his hand and counted nine. He said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) remained for nine years without performing Hajj, then he announced to the people in the tenth year that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would perform Hajj. A great number of people came to Madinah, all seeking to follow the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and do as he did. So we went out with him until we reached Dhul-Hulaifah, and Asma' bint Umayyas gave birth to Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr. So she sent to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asking: "What should I do?" He said: "Take a bath, wrap yourself in a cloth, and enter the state of ihram." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed in the mosque, then mounted al-Qaswa. When his camel stood level on the open plain, I looked as far as my eye could see ahead of him, seeing riders and livestock, and to his right the same, and to his left the same, and behind him the same
دخلنا على جابر بن عبد الله ، فسأل عن القوم حتّى انتهى إليّ ، فقلت : أنا محمّد بن عليّ بن حسينٍ ، فأهوى بيده إلى رأسي ، فنزع زرّي الأعلى ، ثمّ نزع زرّي الأسفل ، ثمّ وضع كفّه بين ثدييّ وأنا يومئذٍ غلام شابّ ، فقال : مرحبًا بك يا ابن أخي ، سل عمّا شئت ، فسألته ، وهو أعمى ، وحضر وقت الصّلاة ، فقام في نساجةٍ ملتحفًا بها ، كلّما وضعها على منكبه رجع طرفاها إليه من صغرها ، ورداؤه إلى جنبه ، على المشجب ، فصلّى بنا ، فقلت : أخبرني عن حجّة رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ، فقال بيده فعقد تسعًا ، فقال : إنّ رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم مكث تسع سنين لم يحجّ ، ثمّ أذّن في النّاس في العاشرة ، أنّ رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم حاجّ ، فقدم المدينة بشر كثير ، كلّهم يلتمس أن يأتمّ برسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ، ويعمل مثل عمله ، فخرجنا معه ، حتّى أتينا ذا الحليفة ، فولدت أسماء بنت عميسٍ محمّد بن أبي بكرٍ ، فأرسلت إلى رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم : كيف أصنع ؟ قال : اغتسلي ، واستثفري بثوبٍ وأحرمي، فصلّى رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم في المسجد ، ثمّ ركب القصواء ، حتّى إذا استوت به ناقته على البيداء ، نظرت إلى مدّ بصري بين يديه ، من راكبٍ وماشٍ ، وعن يمينه مثل ذلك ، وعن يساره مثل ذلك ، ومن خلفه مثل ذلكThe Shaykh : This is undoubtedly a great number of people, to see as far as the eye can see in every direction. They estimated that about one hundred thousand people performed Hajj with the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). That means only twenty-four thousand of the Companions remained, otherwise they all performed Hajj with them, because he (peace and blessings be upon him) announced to the people that he would perform Hajj, so all the people came in order to look at the Prophet's Hajj and follow his example.
If someone were to ask: Why did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) not perform Hajj in the ninth year? Or in the eighth year, or the seventh year, for example?
We say: Before the ninth year, Hajj was not possible, because before the Conquest, Makkah was under the control of the polytheists, and they had prevented him from performing 'Umrah, so how could he perform Hajj? As for the eighth year, after the Conquest, he (peace and blessings be upon him) was occupied with jihad, for he did not finish with Thaqif until the end of Dhul-Qa'dah, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) was occupied.
As for the ninth year, it is said that he did not perform Hajj because that year was the Year of the Delegations. The Arabs were waiting for the Conquest of Makkah, and when it was conquered, they also waited for the defeat of Thaqif, because they were a people of strength. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) defeated them, the Arabs submitted, and they began coming in groups to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah. So in Madinah, he would receive these delegations and teach them their religion.
Another reason is that in the ninth year, the polytheists performed Hajj with the Muslims, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted his Hajj to be pure for the Muslims. For this reason, he announced in the ninth year:
No pagan is allowed to perform Hajj after this year, and no naked person is allowed to perform Tawaf of the Ka`ba.
ألّا يحج بعد العام مشرك ولا يطوف بالبيت عريانThis is if we say that Hajj became obligatory in the ninth year. And if we say it became obligatory in the tenth year, there is no problem.
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed the people that he would perform Hajj in the tenth year, so the people gathered as Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned.