The Book of Faith-04a

The Reciter: Khalaf ibn Hisham narrated to us, Hammad ibn Zayd narrated to us, from Abu Jumrah, who said: I heard Ibn Abbas. And Yahya ibn Yahya narrated to us, and the wording is his, 'Abbad ibn 'Abbad narrated to us, from Abu Jumrah, from Ibn Abbas, who said: Khalaf added in his narration: , and it is one pillar.

The Shaykh : Well, in any case, the original of Sahih Muslim does not have headings; these are from the copyists or from the scholars who explained it. This hadith says: We are this tribe of Rabi'ah, and the disbelievers of Mudar have stood between us and you, so we cannot reach you, meaning: we do not arrive at you and connect with you, except in a sacred month. The sacred months are four: Muharram, Rajab, Dhu al-Qa'dah, and Dhu al-Hijjah. And fighting was forbidden even in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance in these sacred months. And they followed their desires in making lawful what Allah has forbidden and forbidding what Allah has made lawful. So if they needed to fight in the month of Muharram, they fought and postponed the prohibition to the month of Safar. And in this, Allah the Exalted says: meaning: they complete the number, which is four, but they make lawful the forbidden and forbid the lawful, so they make lawful what Allah has forbidden, and He made pleasing to them their evil deeds. And the Arabs in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance in these months felt safe from one another, so they said: We cannot reach you except in the sacred month. So command us with a matter by which we will act and to which we will call those behind us. He said: I command you with four things and I forbid you from four things. And this is from the beauty of the teaching of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and that is by limiting the things, because limiting the things is more conducive to memorization. For if a person knows the number of things, he will remember this number, so if one is missing, he will try to remember it, unlike the unrestricted thing. And by this we know that what the scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) went to, in setting the conditions, pillars, and obligations and counting them, has a basis in the Sunnah, and that it is a facilitation of reaching knowledge. He said: I command you with four things and I forbid you from four things. Faith in Allah. This, then he explained it to them, saying: Testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establish the prayer, give the zakah, and pay the fifth of what you have taken as war spoils. These are four. His saying: is one in reality, even in the hadith of Ibn Umar it is one. And that is because the core of worship revolves around these two testimonies. So sincerity is from the testimony and following is from the testimony , and no worship is valid except with sincerity and following. So for this reason, he counted this pillar as one pillar. Well, to pay the fifth of what you have taken as war spoils, this is from faith in Allah, and its opposite is embezzlement, that the spoils-takers conceal something of what they have taken. And embezzlement is from the major sins, and I seek refuge in Allah. , and for this reason the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: , because whoever embezzles will come with what he embezzled on the Day of Resurrection. And the previous nations were not permitted war spoils. So when they took the wealth of the disbelievers, they gathered it, then a fire came down from the sky and burned it. And on a day of one of the battles, they gathered the spoils and burned them, but the fire refused to ignite in them. So their Prophet said: There is embezzlement among you, meaning: some of you has embezzled, so the fire refused to consume the spoils, because it did not accept them, until what was embezzled was brought and placed in the spoils, and the fire burned it. So the result is that paying the fifth is an important matter, because the one who embezzles, in addition to being, and I seek refuge in Allah, eating wealth without right, it becomes clear by this action of his that he does not want jihad in the path of Allah, but rather he wants the worldly life. And I forbid you from the gourd, the large jar, the cup, and the large cup. Khalaf added in his narration: , and it is one pillar. Meaning: He forbade them from these four: the gourd, the large jar, the cup, and the large cup. These are vessels in which wine is prepared, meaning: water is put in them with dates for a day or a day and a night, then it is drunk as wine. And there is heat in the Hijaz, so perhaps this wine reaches the degree of fermentation without the person realizing it, because all these vessels are hot. So he forbade them from that. But in the end, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: , so the prohibition of preparing wine in these vessels was abrogated.