One Who Intends Voluntary Fasting Then Eats and Drinks After the Adhan
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Question: Regarding voluntary fasting, I intended to fast on Monday, but after the Fajr adhan, I got up and drank. Do I have the right to complete my fast for that day and have it counted for me, or not? And if someone eats or drinks after the adhan in a voluntary fast, is it permissible for him to complete his day, or not? Please inform us, may Allah reward you with good.
Answer: It is obligatory for the fasting person, if his fast is obligatory, to abstain from food, drink, and all other things that break the fast after being certain of the dawn’s appearance or hearing the adhan of the mu’adhdhin who is accustomed to calling the adhan with the appearance of the dawn, or according to the timetable indicating the dawn; for Allah the Exalted said: [Surat al-Baqarah: 187], and for the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Sahih al-Bukhari 622, 623. And he was a blind man who did not call out until it was said to him, “It is morning, it is morning.” Agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim. If he eats after that, or drinks, or engages in any of the things that break the fast, his fast is invalid.
As for the voluntary fast, his fast is not completed unless he abstains from food, drink, and all other things that break the fast at the appearance of the dawn, like the one performing an obligatory fast. If he eats or drinks or engages in any of the things that break the fast after the appearance of the dawn or after the adhan timed to the appearance of the dawn, he has no fast. However, he differs from the one performing an obligatory fast in that it is permissible for him to fast from the middle of the day, provided he has not engaged in any of the things that break the fast after the appearance of the dawn, and he is recorded the reward of the fasting person from the time of his intention; for the saying of Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us one day and said: We said: No. He said: Then he came to us another day and we said: Hais was given to us as a gift, so he said: Sahih Muslim 1154b Narrated by Muslim. And his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): Sahih al-Bukhari 1 Agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim. And success is from Allah.
Answer: It is obligatory for the fasting person, if his fast is obligatory, to abstain from food, drink, and all other things that break the fast after being certain of the dawn’s appearance or hearing the adhan of the mu’adhdhin who is accustomed to calling the adhan with the appearance of the dawn, or according to the timetable indicating the dawn; for Allah the Exalted said:
And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the sunset.
وَكُلُواْ وَاشْرَبُواْ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّواْ الصِّيَامَ إِلَى الَّليْلِNarrated `Aisha: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Bilal pronounces the Adhan at night, so eat and drink (Suhur) till Ibn Um Maktum pronounces the Adhan."
إن بلالًا يؤذن بليل فكلوا واشربوا حتى يؤذن ابن أم مكتومAs for the voluntary fast, his fast is not completed unless he abstains from food, drink, and all other things that break the fast at the appearance of the dawn, like the one performing an obligatory fast. If he eats or drinks or engages in any of the things that break the fast after the appearance of the dawn or after the adhan timed to the appearance of the dawn, he has no fast. However, he differs from the one performing an obligatory fast in that it is permissible for him to fast from the middle of the day, provided he has not engaged in any of the things that break the fast after the appearance of the dawn, and he is recorded the reward of the fasting person from the time of his intention; for the saying of Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us one day and said:
Do you have anything?
هل عندكم شيء؟Then I am fasting.
فإني إذًا صائمShow that to me; I had been fasting since morning. He then ate it.
أرينيه فلقد أصبحت صائمًا، فأكلThe reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended.
إنما الأعمال بالنيات وإنما لكل امرئ ما نوى
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.