Who is it that can intercede with Him except by His permission
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The Shaykh :[Al-Baqarah 2:255] Who is it that intercedes with Him? We will parse this together and say: it is an interrogative pronoun, or we say: "man" is an interrogative pronoun and "dha" is omitted. Is it permissible for "dha" to be a relative pronoun in such a construction? They said: It is not permissible, because the meaning of the sentence would become "who is the one who," and this does not make sense. It is not verbal emphasis, because "dha" differs from "alladhi," so it must be omitted here, and we say that "dha" is omitted here. And his saying: [Al-Baqarah 2:255] Intercession in language means making the odd number even. Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Fajr 89:1-3] So making the odd number even is called intercession. I interceded for this with that if I made the one into two, that is intercession; three into four, that is intercession, and so on. But in technical terminology: it is mediating for another to bring a benefit or remove a harm. For example, the intercession of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) for the people of the Standing Place so that judgment is passed between them; this is intercession by what? By removing a harm. Good. And his intercession for the people of Paradise so that they enter it; this is by bringing a benefit. Complete. Good. Zayn.
And his saying:[Al-Baqarah 2:255] meaning: with Allah,
indicates the affirmation of intercession, the affirmation of the principle of intercession, but with conditions. The reason for this is that if it were not established, the exception in his saying: would be meaningless and of no benefit. So it affirms the principle of intercession, but with conditions.
And mentioning it after his saying:[Al-Baqarah 2:116] indicates that this dominion, which is specific to Allah (Mighty and Majestic), is complete dominion in the sense that no one can act, not even in intercession, which is good, except by the permission of Allah. This is part of the perfection of His Lordship and His dominion (Mighty and Majestic): that no one can intercede except by His permission. Whereas the kings of this world can have those close to them intercede with them, whether they gave permission or not. A man who has authority over a kingdom, yes, his wife, who is deficient in intellect and religion, his wife, says to him: "O so-and-so," and he says: "Yes, let so-and-so be released from prison." What does he say to her? ... Or "hearing and obedience," even if she did not ask his permission. But the Lord (Mighty and Majestic), no one intercedes, not even Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), the greatest of people in status with Allah, does not intercede except by the permission of Allah, due to the perfection of His dominion, which is based on the perfection of His kingship and His Lordship (Mighty and Majestic). Good.
This sentence indicates that Allah has permission, and permission in its original sense is information. Allah the Exalted said:[At-Tawbah 9:3] meaning: information. So the meaning of is: His information that He is pleased with it.
Good. We benefit from this that the permission of Allah is a condition for intercession. Are there other conditions? Yes, that He is pleased with the intercessor and with the one for whom intercession is sought. Yes. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Anbya 21:28] And He said: [Taha 20:109] The first one, the pleasure is from whom? From the one for whom intercession is sought. [Al-Anbya 21:28] And the second, this is regarding the intercessor. There is a third verse that encompasses the three conditions: [An-Najm 53:26] This encompasses the three conditions: the permission, [An-Najm 53:26] His pleasure with both, because it was stated generally, without saying "He is pleased with the intercessor" or "with the one for whom intercession is sought," so it is general. In any case, intercession requires three conditions: the permission of Allah (Mighty and Majestic), His pleasure with the intercessor, and His pleasure with the one for whom intercession is sought. Yes. Good.
If someone says: What is the benefit of intercession if Allah the Exalted has already known that this one for whom intercession is sought will be saved? Yes. The answer is: Allah (Exalted and Exalted is He) permits intercession and commands that intercession be made, that He permits those who intercede in order to honor them and for them to attain the Praiseworthy Station. He is capable, for example, let us give an example of the great intercession, the intercession of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) so that Allah judges between the creation. Allah (Mighty and Majestic) is capable of judging between the creation without intercession, but in order to honor the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and for him to attain the Praiseworthy Station, He permits him to intercede. So in it is kindness to the one for whom intercession is sought and kindness to the intercessor. Good.
Do the idols and statues intercede for their owners?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Why? Why?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What is the evidence? "Except for whom He is pleased," and He is not pleased with shirk. Yes. It contradicts[Saba 34:22-23] If someone says: Allah permits it for them.
The student: He does not permit it for them, because Allah does not forgive that partners be associated with Him.
The Shaykh : Good.[Yunus 10:18] Allah has refuted that. [Yunus 10:18] So this indicates that these intercessors do not benefit, but this is shirk with Allah (Mighty and Majestic). Yes. Good.
Who is it that can intercede with Him
مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُWho is it that can intercede with Him
مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُ(1) By the dawn (2) And [by] ten nights (3) And [by] the even [number] and the odd
وَالْفَجْرِ وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِAnd his saying:
Who is it that can intercede with Him
مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُExcept by His permission
إِلاّ بِإِذْنِهِExcept by His permission
إِلاّ بِإِذْنِهِAnd mentioning it after his saying:
to Him belongs whatever is in the heavens
لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِThis sentence indicates that Allah has permission, and permission in its original sense is information. Allah the Exalted said:
And [it is] an announcement from Allah and His Messenger
وَأَذَانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِBy His permission
بِإِذْنِهِGood. We benefit from this that the permission of Allah is a condition for intercession. Are there other conditions? Yes, that He is pleased with the intercessor and with the one for whom intercession is sought. Yes. Allah the Exalted said:
and they cannot intercede except on behalf of one whom He approves
وَلا يَشْفَعُونَ إِلاّ لِمَنِ ارْتَضَىThat Day, no intercession will benefit except [that of] one to whom the Most Merciful has given permission and has accepted his word.
يَوْمَئِذٍ لا تَنْفَعُ الشَّفَاعَةُ إِلاّ مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ وَرَضِيَ لَهُ قَوْلاًexcept on behalf of one whom He approves
إِلاّ لِمَنِ ارْتَضَىExcept for one whom the Most Merciful has permitted and of whom He has approved the speech.
إِلاّ مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ وَرَضِيَ لَهُ قَوْلاًAnd how many angels there are in the heavens whose intercession will not avail at all except [only] after Allah has permitted [it] to whom He wills and approves.
وَكَمْ مِنْ مَلَكٍ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ لا تُغْنِي شَفَاعَتُهُمْ شَيْئاً إِلاّ مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَرْضَىexcept [only] after Allah has permitted [it] to whom He wills
إِلاّ مِنْ بَعْدِ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُAnd is pleased.
وَيَرْضَىIf someone says: What is the benefit of intercession if Allah the Exalted has already known that this one for whom intercession is sought will be saved? Yes. The answer is: Allah (Exalted and Exalted is He) permits intercession and commands that intercession be made, that He permits those who intercede in order to honor them and for them to attain the Praiseworthy Station. He is capable, for example, let us give an example of the great intercession, the intercession of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) so that Allah judges between the creation. Allah (Mighty and Majestic) is capable of judging between the creation without intercession, but in order to honor the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and for him to attain the Praiseworthy Station, He permits him to intercede. So in it is kindness to the one for whom intercession is sought and kindness to the intercessor. Good.
Do the idols and statues intercede for their owners?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Why? Why?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What is the evidence? "Except for whom He is pleased," and He is not pleased with shirk. Yes. It contradicts
(22) Say, [O Muhammad], "Invoke those you claim [as deities] besides Allah." They do not possess an atom's weight [of ability] in the heavens or on the earth, and they do not have therein any partnership [with Him], nor is there for Him from among them any assistant. (23) And intercession does not benefit with Him except for one whom He permits. [And those wait] until, when terror is removed from their hearts, they will say [to one another], "What has your Lord said?" They will say, "The truth." And He is the Most High, the Grand.
لَا يَمْلِكُونَ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَلَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا لَهُمْ فِيهِمَا مِنْ شِرْكٍ وَمَا لَهُ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ ظَهِيرٍ * وَلَا تَنْفَعُ الشَّفَاعَةُ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا لِمَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُThe student: He does not permit it for them, because Allah does not forgive that partners be associated with Him.
The Shaykh : Good.