The Book of Jihad, Expeditions, and Authority-02a
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The reciter: And Abu Kuraib, Muhammad ibn al-'Ala', narrated to us, and Ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us from Ma'mar. And Muhammad ibn Rafi' narrated to us, and the wording is his, and 'Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us, and Ma'mar informed us from Hammam ibn Munabbih, who said: This is what Abu Hurayrah narrated to us from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He mentioned several hadiths from them, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih Muslim 1747.
The Shaykh : This alif is not to be elongated.
The reader:Sahih Muslim 1747.
The Shaykh : This hadith contains lessons, among which are:
The good governance of this prophet, where he prevented these three categories, because if they went out to jihad, their hearts would be attached to what is behind them. The first: "No man who has taken a woman as a wife and intends to consummate the marriage with her but has not yet done so shall follow me." His saying: means that his entering upon the woman is imminent. If it were after a year, this would not have an effect, but if it is imminent, and his saying: indicates the condition of this, because: "lamma" indicates the absence of the ruling with its imminence. This is one point, because if a marriage contract is made for him, and he enters upon her after a week or so, his heart must be attached to her, and at that time he will not be sincere in the fighting, and he will remain preoccupied. This is one.
Is it taken from this what some scholars mentioned: that a person is excused for leaving the congregation if his wife is being brought to him, based on the known practice in the past where the husband in his house does not go to the wife's house, and then the wife is brought to him, is she being brought?
Some scholars say that if he is waiting for the woman to come, he is excused for leaving the congregation, and he may combine the 'Isha' prayer with the Maghrib prayer.
The answer is yes, he may do that. If he wishes, he may combine them by advancing the 'Isha' prayer, and if he wishes, when the time for 'Isha' enters, he prays, so that the wife and her people do not come while he is occupied with prayer in the mosque. And Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, has made things easy for the community, and praise be to Allah.
So we say this is permissible, as the jurists or some of them have explicitly stated.
The second: He says:Sahih Muslim 1747 meaning he built the structure and erected the walls and erected the pillars, but he did not raise the roof. So he may delay going to jihad, because his heart will be preoccupied with it, and he will not be sincere in the fighting, and his conscience will be troubled, so it was a facilitation that it was not obligatory for him to go on the expedition.
The third: He said:Sahih Muslim 1747, and this is also like it. A man bought sheep, or female camels, and the time of their giving birth is near, so his heart remains preoccupied with them. It is wise that he does not go on the expedition.
And there is no doubt that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) related this story to us so that we may take a lesson from it, as Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said in His noble Book:[Yusuf 12:111].
And among the benefits in this hadith is that the movement of the sun is by the permission of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, as He said:[Ya-Sin 36:38].
And among them is the permissibility of addressing inanimate objects, with the intention of admonition and lesson, and clarifying the ruling. And he said to the sun:Sahih Muslim 1747, but he did not say: "Wait," because the sun cannot wait by itself, but he asked Allah, Mighty and Majestic, to hold back the sun, so it was held back for him until Allah granted him victory.
One of the Prophets made a holy war. He said to his followers: One who has married a woman and wants to consummate to his marriage but has not yet done so; another who has built a house but has not yet erected its roof; and another who has bought goats and pregnantshe-camels and is waiting for their offspring-will not accommpany me. So he marched on and approached a village at or about the time of the Asr prayers. He said to the sun: Thou art subserviant (to Allah) and so am I
غزا نبي من الأنبياء، فقال لقومه : لا يتبعني رجل قد ملك بضع امرأة، وهو يريد أن يبني بها، ولما يبن، ولا آخر قد بنى بنيانا، ولما يرفع سقفها، ولا آخر قد اشترى غنما - أو خلفات - وهو منتظر ولادها ، قال : فغزا فأدنى للقرية حين صلاة العصر، أو قريبا من ذلك، فقال للشمس : أنت مأمورة، وأنا مأمورThe Shaykh :
And I am commanded.
وأنا مأمورThe reader:
He said to the sun: Thou art subserviant (to Allah) and so am I. O Allah, stop it for me a little. It was stopped for him until Allah granted him victory. The people gathered the spoils of war (at one place). A fire approached the spoils to devour them, but it did not devour them. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Some of you have been guilty of misappropriation. So one man from each tribe should swear fealty to me. The did so (putting their hands into his). The hand of one man stuck to his hand and the Prophet (ﷺ) said: Your tribe is guilty of misappropriation. Let all the members of your tribe swear fealty to me one by one. They did so, when the hands of two or three persons got stuck with his hand. He said: You have misappropriated. So they took out gold equal in volume to the head of a cow. They-placed it among the spoils on the earth. Then the fire approached the spoils and devoured them. The spoils of war were not made lawful for any people before us, This is because Allah saw our weakness and humility and made them lawful for us.
فقال للشمس : أنت مأمورة، وأنا مأمور ، اللهم، احبسها علي شيئا، فحبست عليه حتى فتح الله عليه ، قال : فجمعوا ما غنموا، فأقبلت النار لتأكله، فأبت أن تطعمه، فقال: فيكم غلول، فليبايعني من كل قبيلة رجل، فبايعوه، فلصقت يد رجل بيده، فقال : فيكم الغلول، فلتبايعني قبيلتك، فبايعته ، قال : فلصقت بيد رجلين أو ثلاثة، فقال : فيكم الغلول، أنتم غللتم ، قال : فأخرجوا له مثل رأس بقرة من ذهب، قال : فوضعوه في المال وهو بالصعيد، فأقبلت النار فأكلته، فلم تحل الغنائم لأحد من قبلنا، ذلك بأن الله تبارك وتعالى رأى ضعفنا وعجزنا، فطيبها لناThe Shaykh : This hadith contains lessons, among which are:
The good governance of this prophet, where he prevented these three categories, because if they went out to jihad, their hearts would be attached to what is behind them. The first: "No man who has taken a woman as a wife and intends to consummate the marriage with her but has not yet done so shall follow me." His saying:
But has not yet done so.
ولما يبنيBut has not yet done so.
ولما يبنيIs it taken from this what some scholars mentioned: that a person is excused for leaving the congregation if his wife is being brought to him, based on the known practice in the past where the husband in his house does not go to the wife's house, and then the wife is brought to him, is she being brought?
Some scholars say that if he is waiting for the woman to come, he is excused for leaving the congregation, and he may combine the 'Isha' prayer with the Maghrib prayer.
The answer is yes, he may do that. If he wishes, he may combine them by advancing the 'Isha' prayer, and if he wishes, when the time for 'Isha' enters, he prays, so that the wife and her people do not come while he is occupied with prayer in the mosque. And Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, has made things easy for the community, and praise be to Allah.
So we say this is permissible, as the jurists or some of them have explicitly stated.
The second: He says:
another who has built a house but has not yet erected its roof
ولا آخر قد بنى بنيانا، ولما يرفع سقفهاThe third: He said:
and another who has bought goats and pregnantshe-camels and is waiting for their offspring
ولا آخر قد اشترى غنما - أو خلفات - وهو منتظر ولادهاAnd there is no doubt that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) related this story to us so that we may take a lesson from it, as Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said in His noble Book:
There was certainly in their stories a lesson for those of understanding
لقد كان في قصصهم عبرة لأولي الألبابAnd among the benefits in this hadith is that the movement of the sun is by the permission of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, as He said:
And the sun runs [on course] toward its stopping point. That is the determination of the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.
والشمس تجري لمستقر لها ذلك تقدير العزيز العليمAnd among them is the permissibility of addressing inanimate objects, with the intention of admonition and lesson, and clarifying the ruling. And he said to the sun: