Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
This hadith, which the author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted, contains great verses. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated about a prophet from among the prophets (may the prayers and peace of Allah be upon them) that he went on an expedition. He went on an expedition against a people whom he was commanded to fight in jihad, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) prevented every man who had married a woman but had not yet consummated the marriage, every man who had built a house but had not raised its roof, and every man who had bought female camels or sheep and was waiting for their offspring. This is because these people would be preoccupied with what is most important to them. The married man is preoccupied with his wife whom he has not yet consummated the marriage with, so he is longing for her. Likewise, the man who has built a house but has not raised its roof is also preoccupied with this house that he wants to live in with his family. And likewise, the owner of the female camels and sheep is preoccupied with them, waiting for their offspring. Jihad should be something in which a person is free, having no concern other than jihad. For this reason, Allah the Exalted said:[Ash-Sharh 94:7]: meaning, when you are free from the affairs of this world such that you are not preoccupied with them, then devote yourself to worship. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Riyad as-Salihin 1753: This indicates that a person, when he wants to obey Allah, should free his heart and body for it, so that he approaches it longing for it, and so that he performs it with leisure, tranquility, and an open chest.
Then he went on the expedition and descended upon the people after the Asr prayer. The night had begun to approach, and he feared that if the night became dark, there would be no victory. So he addressed the sun, saying:Sahih Muslim 1747: But the command of the sun is a cosmic command, whereas his command is a Shari'ah command. He was commanded to fight in jihad, and the sun was commanded to move where Allah the Mighty and Majestic commanded it. Allah the Exalted said: [Ya-Sin 36:38]: Since Allah created it, it has been moving where it was commanded, neither advancing nor retreating, nor descending nor ascending. He said: Sahih Muslim 1747: So Allah held back the sun, and it did not set at its usual time, until this prophet went on the expedition and gained a great deal of spoils of war. When he gained the spoils of war, and the spoils of war in previous nations were not lawful for the fighters, the lawfulness of spoils of war is among the characteristics of this Ummah, praise be to Allah. As for the previous nations, they would gather the spoils of war, and a fire would descend from the sky and burn them. So the spoils of war were gathered, but the fire did not descend, and it did not consume them. He said: , said by the Prophet, meaning this tribe.
, and al-ghulul is stealing from the spoils of war, hiding something from the spoils of war. This is al-ghulul. So they had hidden a lump of gold the size of a bull’s head. When it was brought and placed with the spoils of war, the fire consumed it. Subhan Allah, this is among the signs of Allah the Mighty and Majestic.
So in this hadith is evidence for many benefits, among which are:
First: That jihad is prescribed in previous nations just as it is prescribed in this Ummah. The Book of Allah has indicated this in His saying, the Exalted:[Ali 'Imran 3:146], and also the story of Talut and Jalut and Dawud (peace and blessings be upon him) in Surat al-Baqarah.
And in it also: In this hadith, among the benefits, is evidence of the greatness of Allah the Mighty and Majestic, and that He is the Manager of the universe, and that He, Blessed and Exalted is He, causes things to happen contrary to their natures, contrary to their natures, either to support the Messenger, or to ward off evil from him, or for a benefit in Islam. The important thing is that the miracles of the prophets are for their support in whatever way. This is because the sun, according to the nature in which Allah created it, always moves and does not stop, nor advance, nor retreat, except by the command of Allah. But here Allah commanded it to be held back, so the time between the Asr prayer and sunset was prolonged until Allah granted victory through the hand of the Prophet. And in this is a refutation of the people of nature who say: The celestial bodies do not change. Subhan Allah, how do the celestial bodies not change? Who created the celestial bodies? Allah the Mighty and Majestic. So the One who created them is able to change them. But they see that these celestial bodies move according to nature and no one intervenes in them, may Allah protect us, because they deny the Creator. There is no Creator in their view. And the evidence from the Book and the Sunnah has indicated that the celestial bodies change by the command of Allah. So this Prophet called upon Allah and the sun stopped.
This hadith, which the author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted, contains great verses. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated about a prophet from among the prophets (may the prayers and peace of Allah be upon them) that he went on an expedition. He went on an expedition against a people whom he was commanded to fight in jihad, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) prevented every man who had married a woman but had not yet consummated the marriage, every man who had built a house but had not raised its roof, and every man who had bought female camels or sheep and was waiting for their offspring. This is because these people would be preoccupied with what is most important to them. The married man is preoccupied with his wife whom he has not yet consummated the marriage with, so he is longing for her. Likewise, the man who has built a house but has not raised its roof is also preoccupied with this house that he wants to live in with his family. And likewise, the owner of the female camels and sheep is preoccupied with them, waiting for their offspring. Jihad should be something in which a person is free, having no concern other than jihad. For this reason, Allah the Exalted said:
So when you have finished [your duties], then stand up [for worship].
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَانْصَبْNo Salat (prayer) should be performed when the food has been served, nor should it be performed when a person is in need of relieving himself.
لا صلاة بحضرة طعام ولا وهو يدافعه الأخبثانThen he went on the expedition and descended upon the people after the Asr prayer. The night had begun to approach, and he feared that if the night became dark, there would be no victory. So he addressed the sun, saying:
Thou art subserviant (to Allah) and so am I
أنت مأمورة وأنا مأمورAnd the sun runs [on course] toward its stopping point. That is the determination of the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.
وَالشَّمْسُ تَجْرِي لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ لَهَا ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِThou art subserviant (to Allah) and so am I. O Allah, stop it for me a little.
أنت مأمورة وأنا مأمور اللهم فاحبسها عناThere is al-ghulul among you
فيكم الغُلولThen he ordered that one man from every tribe should come forward to pledge allegiance to him that there is no al-ghulul. When they pledged allegiance to him that there was no al-ghulul, the hand of one of them stuck to the hand of the Prophet. It stuck. When it stuck, he said: There is al-ghulul among you
ثم أمر من كل قبيلة أن يتقدم واحد يبايعه على أنه لا غلول ، فلما بايعوه على أنه لا غلول لزقت يد أحد منهم بيد النبي ، لزقت فلما لزقت قال : فيكم الغلولThen he ordered that each one from this tribe should pledge allegiance to him individually. So the hands of one or three of them stuck to the hand of the Prophet. He said: There is al-ghulul among you. So they brought it
ثم أمر بأن يبايعه كل واحد على حدة من هذه القبيلة ، فلزقت أيدي واحد أو ثلاثة منهم بيد النبي فقال : فيكم الغلول فجاؤوا بهSo in this hadith is evidence for many benefits, among which are:
First: That jihad is prescribed in previous nations just as it is prescribed in this Ummah. The Book of Allah has indicated this in His saying, the Exalted:
And how many a prophet [fought and] with him fought many religious scholars. But they never lost assurance due to what afflicted them in the cause of Allah, nor did they weaken or submit.
وَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ قَاتَلَ مَعَهُ رِبِّيُّونَ كَثِيرٌ فَمَا وَهَنُوا لِمَا أَصَابَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَمَا ضَعُفُوا وَمَا اسْتَكَانُواAnd in it also: In this hadith, among the benefits, is evidence of the greatness of Allah the Mighty and Majestic, and that He is the Manager of the universe, and that He, Blessed and Exalted is He, causes things to happen contrary to their natures, contrary to their natures, either to support the Messenger, or to ward off evil from him, or for a benefit in Islam. The important thing is that the miracles of the prophets are for their support in whatever way. This is because the sun, according to the nature in which Allah created it, always moves and does not stop, nor advance, nor retreat, except by the command of Allah. But here Allah commanded it to be held back, so the time between the Asr prayer and sunset was prolonged until Allah granted victory through the hand of the Prophet. And in this is a refutation of the people of nature who say: The celestial bodies do not change. Subhan Allah, how do the celestial bodies not change? Who created the celestial bodies? Allah the Mighty and Majestic. So the One who created them is able to change them. But they see that these celestial bodies move according to nature and no one intervenes in them, may Allah protect us, because they deny the Creator. There is no Creator in their view. And the evidence from the Book and the Sunnah has indicated that the celestial bodies change by the command of Allah. So this Prophet called upon Allah and the sun stopped.