The Book of Jihad, Expeditions, and Authority-07b
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The reciter: Zuhayr ibn Harb narrated to me, Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi narrated to us from Malik. And Abu al-Tahir narrated it to me, and the wording is his: Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to me from Malik ibn Anas from al-Fadl ibn Abi Abdullah from Abdullah ibn Niyar al-Aslami from Urwah ibn al-Zubayr from Aisha, the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that she said: Sahih Muslim 1817.
The Shaykh : Seeking the help of a polytheist is of two types: seeking help in fighting, and seeking help with money and weapons. As for the first, it is not permissible for a person to seek the help of a polytheist, except in dire necessity; this is a condition. And the second is that one is safe from him; this is another condition. If there is no dire necessity, it is not permissible, and if one is not safe from them, it is not permissible.
We know that we are safe from them if we know that the town is a single town in which Muslims and disbelievers reside, and they all defend this town. Here we know that we are safe from this disbeliever because he is defending his town. But if we are not safe from him, then it is not permissible, because he might participate in the fighting and then flee in a place where his flight would cause harm to the Muslims. As for money and equipment, there is no harm in accepting it in all cases, except if we know with certainty that these disbelievers who helped us with money or equipment will favor our people, for example, by turning the people toward them and loving them, or the like of that. In that case, we do not accept from them. In any case, seeking help with money and weapons is less severe and less dangerous than seeking help in fighting.
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out for Badr. When he reached Harrat-ul-Wabara (a place four miles from Medina) a man met him who was known for his valour and courage. The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) were pleased to see him. He said: I have come so that I may follow you and get a share from the booty. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him: Do you believe in Allah and His Apostle? He said: No. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Go back, I will not seek help from a Mushrik (polytheist). He went on until we reached Shajara, where the man met him again. He asked him the same question again and the man gave him the same answer. He said: Go back. Im will not seek help from a Mushrik. The man returned and overtook him at Baida'? He asked him as he had asked previously: Do you believe in Allah and His Apostle? The man said: Yes. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him: Then come along with us.
خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قِبَلَ بَدْرٍ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِحَرَّةِ الْوَبَرَةِ أَدْرَكَهُ رَجُلٌ قَدْ كَانَ يُذْكَرُ مِنْهُ جُرْأَةٌ وَنَجْدَةٌ، فَفَرِحَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ رَأَوْهُ، فَلَمَّا أَدْرَكَهُ قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : جِئْتُ لِأَتَّبِعَكَ، وَأُصِيبَ مَعَكَ، قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ؟ قَالَ : لَا، قَالَ : فَارْجِعْ، فَلَنْ أَسْتَعِينَ بِمُشْرِكٍ، قَالَتْ : ثُمَّ مَضَى حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِالشَّجَرَةِ أَدْرَكَهُ الرَّجُلُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ كَمَا قَالَ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَمَا قَالَ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ، قَالَ : فَارْجِعْ، فَلَنْ أَسْتَعِينَ بِمُشْرِكٍ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ بِالْبَيْدَاءِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ كَمَا قَالَ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ : تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : فَانْطَلِقْThe Shaykh : Seeking the help of a polytheist is of two types: seeking help in fighting, and seeking help with money and weapons. As for the first, it is not permissible for a person to seek the help of a polytheist, except in dire necessity; this is a condition. And the second is that one is safe from him; this is another condition. If there is no dire necessity, it is not permissible, and if one is not safe from them, it is not permissible.
We know that we are safe from them if we know that the town is a single town in which Muslims and disbelievers reside, and they all defend this town. Here we know that we are safe from this disbeliever because he is defending his town. But if we are not safe from him, then it is not permissible, because he might participate in the fighting and then flee in a place where his flight would cause harm to the Muslims. As for money and equipment, there is no harm in accepting it in all cases, except if we know with certainty that these disbelievers who helped us with money or equipment will favor our people, for example, by turning the people toward them and loving them, or the like of that. In that case, we do not accept from them. In any case, seeking help with money and weapons is less severe and less dangerous than seeking help in fighting.