The ruling on one who misses the Fajr prayer outside its time due to overwhelming sleep
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Question:
I am careful to maintain the five daily prayers, but despite taking all measures to wake up for the Fajr prayer, I am unable to get up for it in its time, and I pray it as a make-up after the sun rises. Is this action of mine disbelief?
Answer:
He must strive to pray it within its time. If sleep overcomes him, it does not harm him. However, if he intentionally delays it, that is not permissible. If he intentionally delays the Fajr prayer until after the sun rises, that is not permissible. But if sleep overcomes him and he is unable to wake up, he owes nothing. As for intentionally praying the Fajr prayer after the sun rises, that is not permissible. Some scholars have held that one who does this commits disbelief, while the majority hold that he does not commit disbelief, but he has committed a major sin. Some scholars consider that he commits disbelief by doing so, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sunan Ibn Majah 1079Sahih (Darussalam), and his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): Sahih Muslim 82b, which Muslim also narrated, and it is an authentic hadith. In the other wording: Sunan Ibn Majah 1079Sahih (Darussalam).
Therefore, it is obligatory for him to be cautious of this. He has no right to intentionally delay it until the dawn breaks. We ask Allah for safety.
I am careful to maintain the five daily prayers, but despite taking all measures to wake up for the Fajr prayer, I am unable to get up for it in its time, and I pray it as a make-up after the sun rises. Is this action of mine disbelief?
Answer:
He must strive to pray it within its time. If sleep overcomes him, it does not harm him. However, if he intentionally delays it, that is not permissible. If he intentionally delays the Fajr prayer until after the sun rises, that is not permissible. But if sleep overcomes him and he is unable to wake up, he owes nothing. As for intentionally praying the Fajr prayer after the sun rises, that is not permissible. Some scholars have held that one who does this commits disbelief, while the majority hold that he does not commit disbelief, but he has committed a major sin. Some scholars consider that he commits disbelief by doing so, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
The covenant that distinguishes between us and them is prayer; so whoever leaves it, he has committed Kufr.
العهد الذي بيننا وبينهم الصلاة فمن تركها فقد كفرBetween man and polytheism and unbelief is the abandonment of salat.
بين الرجل المسلم وبين الشرك والكفر، ترك الصلاةThe covenant that distinguishes between us and them is prayer; so whoever leaves it, he has committed Kufr.
العهد الذي بيننا وبينهم الصلاة فمن تركها فقد كفرTherefore, it is obligatory for him to be cautious of this. He has no right to intentionally delay it until the dawn breaks. We ask Allah for safety.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.