Continuation of the discussion on the impediments to declension
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The Shaykh : What does "Rakab" combine? The compound of the mixed type has two causes: the compound nature and being a proper noun. Does it have the quality of being descriptive or not?
The student: No, it does not.
Another student: It is attached.
The Shaykh : Attached to what?
The student: It is attached to femininity.
The Shaykh : To lexical or semantic femininity? Good. "Rakab Zid" The addition of the alif and nun in it, what is it? It is a proper noun and descriptive. A foreign proper noun is a proper noun only. A foreign [noun], stay with me, three [types] are sufficient with one cause. Tell us, Yasser.
The student: The form of the extreme of plurals.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the short alif of femininity and the long alif of femininity.
The Shaykh : The long one. Good. Three [types] require a proper noun and another cause, and the descriptive quality does not affect [them]. Sami.
The student: The alif of femininity, femininity.
The Shaykh : Lexical or semantic femininity.
The student: And foreignness.
The Shaykh : And foreignness.
The student: And the mixed compound.
The Shaykh : And the mixed compound. These three require, meaning, a proper noun and a descriptive quality to be present along with the other cause. Good. These six, what is it that has a proper noun and a descriptive quality along with another cause? A proper noun and a descriptive quality. Yes.
The student: ... and al-Adl.
The Shaykh : And al-Adl, yes.
The student: The addition of the alif and nun.
The Shaykh : The addition of the alif and nun. Perfect, now? These are nine causes. These are nine causes. These are nine causes. That is why they say in the definition of the indeclinable noun: "What has one cause from the nine causes, or two causes from the six causes" One cause or two causes.
Good, let us return a second time. What has one cause is the form of the extreme of plurals, the long alif of femininity, and the short alif of femininity. What has two causes is a proper noun and another cause, excluding the descriptive quality: lexical and semantic femininity, the mixed compound, and foreignness. These three have two causes that are present, yes, two causes, one of which is the descriptive or the proper noun, the measure of the verb, al-Adl, and the addition of the alif and nun. Memorize this, it will summarize for you the indeclinable noun. So the indeclinable noun must have a cause from the nine causes, or another cause is added to the cause, sometimes it is only the proper noun, and sometimes it is the proper noun and the descriptive quality. Perfect?
Good, and know that the indeclinable noun, if it is made possessive or if the article al is attached to it, it becomes declinable and is declined with the kasrah. Yes, if it is made possessive or if the article al is attached to it, Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) says:
"And the genitive is marked with the fathah for that which does not decline, *** provided it is not attached to a possessive or preceded by the article with a suffix"
Memorize this verse.
"And the genitive is marked with the fathah for that which does not decline, *** provided it is not attached to a possessive or preceded by the article with a suffix"
Read it, Basam.
The student: I did not memorize it.
The Shaykh : No, I inform you that it is Basam. Ah. Repeat it a third time so you memorize it. If made possessive, decline with the kasrah, and if adorned with al, decline with the kasrah. Good, so you say: I entered your mosques, to your mosques, yes, ah. Why did we say "your mosques" with a kasrah and not "your mosques" with a fathah? Because it is made possessive. So if it is made possessive, it is obligatory that it be declined with the kasrah. And you say: I used your lamps as a light, with your lamps. Why did we decline it with the kasrah? Because it is, because it is made possessive, because it is made possessive. And
So the indeclinable noun is declined with the fathah, except if it is made possessive or if the article al enters it. Thus, I cite the words of the scholars as evidence for what I say. I say: Listen to the verse of Ibn Malik that Adam recites for us. Ah, come on...
The student: "And decline with the fathah what is indeclinable *** Unless it is made possessive or follows al as a suffix"
The Shaykh :"And the genitive is marked with the fathah for that which does not decline, *** provided it is not attached to a possessive or preceded by the article with a suffix"
Good, and Allah knows best.
The student: No, it does not.
Another student: It is attached.
The Shaykh : Attached to what?
The student: It is attached to femininity.
The Shaykh : To lexical or semantic femininity? Good. "Rakab Zid" The addition of the alif and nun in it, what is it? It is a proper noun and descriptive. A foreign proper noun is a proper noun only. A foreign [noun], stay with me, three [types] are sufficient with one cause. Tell us, Yasser.
The student: The form of the extreme of plurals.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And the short alif of femininity and the long alif of femininity.
The Shaykh : The long one. Good. Three [types] require a proper noun and another cause, and the descriptive quality does not affect [them]. Sami.
The student: The alif of femininity, femininity.
The Shaykh : Lexical or semantic femininity.
The student: And foreignness.
The Shaykh : And foreignness.
The student: And the mixed compound.
The Shaykh : And the mixed compound. These three require, meaning, a proper noun and a descriptive quality to be present along with the other cause. Good. These six, what is it that has a proper noun and a descriptive quality along with another cause? A proper noun and a descriptive quality. Yes.
The student: ... and al-Adl.
The Shaykh : And al-Adl, yes.
The student: The addition of the alif and nun.
The Shaykh : The addition of the alif and nun. Perfect, now? These are nine causes. These are nine causes. These are nine causes. That is why they say in the definition of the indeclinable noun: "What has one cause from the nine causes, or two causes from the six causes" One cause or two causes.
Good, let us return a second time. What has one cause is the form of the extreme of plurals, the long alif of femininity, and the short alif of femininity. What has two causes is a proper noun and another cause, excluding the descriptive quality: lexical and semantic femininity, the mixed compound, and foreignness. These three have two causes that are present, yes, two causes, one of which is the descriptive or the proper noun, the measure of the verb, al-Adl, and the addition of the alif and nun. Memorize this, it will summarize for you the indeclinable noun. So the indeclinable noun must have a cause from the nine causes, or another cause is added to the cause, sometimes it is only the proper noun, and sometimes it is the proper noun and the descriptive quality. Perfect?
Good, and know that the indeclinable noun, if it is made possessive or if the article al is attached to it, it becomes declinable and is declined with the kasrah. Yes, if it is made possessive or if the article al is attached to it, Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) says:
"And the genitive is marked with the fathah for that which does not decline, *** provided it is not attached to a possessive or preceded by the article with a suffix"
Memorize this verse.
"And the genitive is marked with the fathah for that which does not decline, *** provided it is not attached to a possessive or preceded by the article with a suffix"
Read it, Basam.
The student: I did not memorize it.
The Shaykh : No, I inform you that it is Basam. Ah. Repeat it a third time so you memorize it. If made possessive, decline with the kasrah, and if adorned with al, decline with the kasrah. Good, so you say: I entered your mosques, to your mosques, yes, ah. Why did we say "your mosques" with a kasrah and not "your mosques" with a fathah? Because it is made possessive. So if it is made possessive, it is obligatory that it be declined with the kasrah. And you say: I used your lamps as a light, with your lamps. Why did we decline it with the kasrah? Because it is, because it is made possessive, because it is made possessive. And
So the indeclinable noun is declined with the fathah, except if it is made possessive or if the article al enters it. Thus, I cite the words of the scholars as evidence for what I say. I say: Listen to the verse of Ibn Malik that Adam recites for us. Ah, come on...
The student: "And decline with the fathah what is indeclinable *** Unless it is made possessive or follows al as a suffix"
The Shaykh :"And the genitive is marked with the fathah for that which does not decline, *** provided it is not attached to a possessive or preceded by the article with a suffix"
Good, and Allah knows best.