The ruling on reciting al-Fatihah in prayer for the ma'mum
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Question:
He asks another question, saying: What is the ruling for one who prays behind the imam and does not recite anything, not even al-Fatihah, and does not say: Ameen when al-Fatihah is finished? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
The majority of the scholars are of the opinion that his prayer is valid, and that the imam bears the recitation of al-Fatihah for him, but he has left what is prescribed. What is prescribed for him is to recite al-Fatihah quietly, and to recite with it whatever is easy for him in the first and second rak'ahs of the midday and afternoon prayers. As for the prayers where the recitation is loud, he recites only al-Fatihah and is content with that; this is what is prescribed. And if the imam pauses, he recites it during the pause.
And some of the scholars held the view that it is obligatory for the ma'mum to recite al-Fatihah, and that it is obligatory for him to recite it if he is able. This is the correct view, that he must recite it if he is able to do so; due to the generality of his statement (peace and blessings be upon him):Jami` at-Tirmidhi 247Sahih (Darussalam) and his statement (peace and blessings be upon him): Do Sunan Abi Dawud 823Da'if (Al-Albani) We said: Yes. He said: Sunan Abi Dawud 823Da'if (Al-Albani) This is an authentic hadith, narrated by Ahmad, al-Tirmidhi, and a group of others with an authentic chain.
But if he missed standing with the imam and did not catch up until the bowing, it suffices for him according to the correct view, based on what is established in the authentic hadith, Sahih al-Bukhari -may Allah have mercy on him- that Abu Bakrah al-Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him) came while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was bowing, so he bowed behind the row, then entered the row. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, he said to him:Sunan Abi Dawud 683Sahih (Al-Albani), and he did not order him to make up the rak'ah. This indicates that it suffices; because he is excused due to his absence during the time of recitation, the time of the imam's standing.
And likewise, one who is ignorant of the legal ruling, or forgets; the correct view is that it is dropped from him due to ignorance and forgetfulness; because it is obligatory for him, not a pillar for the ma'mum, as evidenced by the fact that he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order Abu Bakrah, when he missed standing, to make up the rak'ah. Yes.
The presenter : May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.
He asks another question, saying: What is the ruling for one who prays behind the imam and does not recite anything, not even al-Fatihah, and does not say: Ameen when al-Fatihah is finished? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
The majority of the scholars are of the opinion that his prayer is valid, and that the imam bears the recitation of al-Fatihah for him, but he has left what is prescribed. What is prescribed for him is to recite al-Fatihah quietly, and to recite with it whatever is easy for him in the first and second rak'ahs of the midday and afternoon prayers. As for the prayers where the recitation is loud, he recites only al-Fatihah and is content with that; this is what is prescribed. And if the imam pauses, he recites it during the pause.
And some of the scholars held the view that it is obligatory for the ma'mum to recite al-Fatihah, and that it is obligatory for him to recite it if he is able. This is the correct view, that he must recite it if he is able to do so; due to the generality of his statement (peace and blessings be upon him):
There is no Salat for the one who does not recite Fatihatil-Kitab.
لا صلاة لمن لم يقرأ بفاتحة الكتابPerhaps you recite behind your imam?
علكم تقرؤون خلف إمامكم؟Do not do so except when it is Fatihat al-Kitab, for he who does not recite it is not credited with having prayed.
لا تفعلوا إلا بفاتحة الكتاب؛ فإنه لا صلاة لمن لم يقرأ بهاBut if he missed standing with the imam and did not catch up until the bowing, it suffices for him according to the correct view, based on what is established in the authentic hadith, Sahih al-Bukhari -may Allah have mercy on him- that Abu Bakrah al-Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him) came while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was bowing, so he bowed behind the row, then entered the row. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, he said to him:
May Allah increase your eagerness! But do not do it again.
زادك الله حرصًا ولا تعدAnd likewise, one who is ignorant of the legal ruling, or forgets; the correct view is that it is dropped from him due to ignorance and forgetfulness; because it is obligatory for him, not a pillar for the ma'mum, as evidenced by the fact that he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order Abu Bakrah, when he missed standing, to make up the rak'ah. Yes.
The presenter : May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.